Linux环境下安装Nginx及其使用

一、查看CentOS的版本

cat /etc/redhat-release

二、添加资源库

在 CentOS 系统上安装 Nginx ，得先去添加一个资源库：

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
  [nginx]
  name=nginx repo
  baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
  gpgcheck=0
  enabled=1

三、安装nginx

yum -y install nginx

四、测试nginx配置文件是否正确

nginx -t

打印如下：

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

五、CentOS7.0+ nginx实现停止、启动、重启

systemctl stop nginx.service  
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl restart nginx.service
systemctl status nginx.service

开机自启：

systemctl enable nginx.service

取消开机自启：

systemctl disable nginx.service

六、nginx.conf配置示例

我的配置：

user nginx;
worker_processes 4;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid    /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}


http {
  include    /etc/nginx/mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;

  log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
           '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
           '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

  access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

  sendfile    on;
  #tcp_nopush   on;

  keepalive_timeout 65;

  #gzip on;

  include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

  #设定负载均衡的服务器列表
  upstream pay_server {
    ip_hash;
    server 10.74.248.01:8088 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
    server 10.74.248.02:8088 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
  }

  upstream print_server {
    ip_hash;
    server 10.74.248.03:2001 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
    server 10.74.248.04:2001 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
  }

  upstream accss_door_server {
    ip_hash;
    server 10.74.248.05:2002 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
    server 10.74.248.06:2002 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
  }
  
  server {
    listen 80;
    server_name wab.kupu.ccoop.com.cn;
    location /invengo {
         proxy_pass http://pay_server;
         index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
    }
    location /invengo/epc {
         proxy_pass http://print_server;
         index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
    }
    location /invengo/print {
         proxy_pass http://print_server;
         index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
    }

    location /checkout {
         proxy_pass http://accss_door_server;
         index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
    }
    location /asset {
         proxy_pass http://accss_door_server;
         index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
    }
  }

常用的nginx.conf配置：

user www www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
pid    logs/nginx.pid;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 2048;
}
http {
include    mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
#         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
#         '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile    on;
# tcp_nopush   on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
# gzip压缩功能设置
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers  4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_types text/html text/plain text/css text/javascript application/json application/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
# http_proxy 设置
client_max_body_size  10m;
client_body_buffer_size  128k;
proxy_connect_timeout  75;
proxy_send_timeout  75;
proxy_read_timeout  75;
proxy_buffer_size  4k;
proxy_buffers  4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size  64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
proxy_temp_path  /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp 1 2;
# 设定负载均衡后台服务器列表 
upstream backend { 
#ip_hash; 
server  192.168.10.100:8080 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s ; 
server  192.168.10.101:8080 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s ; 
}
# 很重要的虚拟主机配置
server {
listen    80;
server_name itoatest.example.com;
root  /apps/oaapp;
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#对 / 所有做负载均衡+反向代理
location / {
root  /apps/oaapp;
index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass    http://backend; 
proxy_redirect off;
# 后端的Web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded-For获取用户真实IP
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
}
#静态文件，nginx自己处理，不去backend请求tomcat
location ~* /download/ { 
root /apps/oa/fs; 
}
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$  
{  
root /apps/oaapp;  
expires   7d; 
}
location /nginx_status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 192.168.10.0/24;
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(WEB-INF)/ {  
deny all;  
}
#error_page 404       /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root  html;
}
}
## 其它虚拟主机，server 指令开始
}

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。