MySQL 主从同步架构中你不知道的“坑”

时间:2022-07-25
本文章向大家介绍MySQL 主从同步架构中你不知道的“坑”，主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项，具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友可以参考一下。

以下操作征对指定不同步库

binlog-format=ROW模式

1

查看主从的binlog模式

mysql> show slave statusG
*********************** 1. row *************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  Master_Host: 192.168.22.171
  Master_User: rep
  Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 463
Relay_Log_File: s1.000011
Relay_Log_Pos: 630
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB: test

查看从库状态也显示此项配置

1：在忽略不同步的库不存在的情况下

在配置文件指定主从库都不存在的库，然后在主库中创建这个库，测试数据是否同步过去

主库创建数据库

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec) 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database     |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

从库查看

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

结论：发现建库的动作没有被从库同步过来

2：测试主从服务器库存在数据同步情况

目前主从库都存在库test001

[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "show databases;"|grep test001
Enter password: 
test001
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "show databases;"|grep test001
Enter password: 
test001

在主库插入数据测试从库同步情况

mysql> use test001;
Database changed
mysql> create table test (
    -> id varchar(10) not null,
    -> name varchar(10) not null
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> insert into test values('zhang','man');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select * from test;
+-------+------+
| id  | name |
+-------+------+
| zhang | man |
+-------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test001.test;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'test001.test' doesn't exist
mysql> use test001;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

结论：从库没有表，同样也有数据同步过来

3：征对数据库默认的库同步（如mysql）

replicate-ignore-db = mysql

#忽略指定不同步的库

测试前的数据

[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"
Enter password: 
+-----------+--------------+
| user    | host     |
+-----------+--------------+
| mysql.sys | localhost   |
| root   | localhost  |
+-----------+--------------+
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"
Enter password: 
+-----------+--------------+
| user   | host     |
+-----------+--------------+
| mysql.sys | localhost  |
| root   | localhost  |
+-----------+--------------+
[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "grant all privileges on *.* to test@localhost identified by '123456';"
Enter password: 
[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"
Enter password: 
+-----------+--------------+
| user   | host    |
+-----------+--------------+
| mysql.sys | localhost  |
| root   | localhost  |
| test   | localhost  |
+-----------+--------------+
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"
Enter password: 
+-----------+--------------+
| user   | host     |
+-----------+--------------+
| mysql.sys | localhost  |
| root   | localhost  |
| test   | localhost  |
+-----------+--------------+

结论：此种模式下此配置对默认的库不生效，因此调整配置

replicate-ignore-db = mysql

#忽略指定不同步的库

replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%

#忽略指定不同步的库的所有表

[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "grant all privileges on *.* to testuser@localhost identified by '123456';"
Enter password: 
[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"
Enter password: 
+-----------+--------------+
| user   | host    |
+-----------+--------------+
| mysql.sys | localhost  |
| root   | localhost  |
| test   | localhost  |
| testuser | localhost  |
+-----------+--------------+
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"
Enter password: 
+-----------+--------------+
| user   | host     |
+-----------+--------------+
| mysql.sys | localhost   |
| root   | localhost   |
| test   | localhost   |
+-----------+--------------+

结论：此种模式下此配置对默认的库进行不同步数据库，需要增加相关表的参数，最后测试得出不加replicate-ignore-db = mysql参数，同样对默认的库生效,

binlog-format=STATEMENT模式

2

修改主从库的binlog模式

一起测试不存在的库、存在的库与默认库

replicate-ignore-db = test

#忽略指定不同步的库（主从不存在）

replicate-ignore-db = test001

#忽略指定不同步的库

replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%

#忽略指定不同步的库的所有表

1：测试默认库数据同步

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to user@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+-----------+--------------+
| user   | host     |
+-----------+--------------+
| rep   | %       |
| mysql.sys | localhost  |
| root   | localhost  |
| test   | localhost  |
| user   | localhost  |
+-----------+--------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"
Enter password: 
+-----------+--------------+
| user   | host     |
+-----------+--------------+
| rep    | %       |
| mysql.sys | localhost  |
| root   | localhost  |
| test   | localhost  |
+-----------+--------------+

结论：在此种模式下，对于默认的库，配置replicate-ignore-db = mysql，对默认的库与库中的表都生效

2：测试主从都不存在的库同步

3：测试主从服务器库已经同步的情况下数据同步（test001）

mysql> use test001;
Database changed
mysql> create table test001 (
    -> id varchar(10) not null,
    -> name varchar(10) not null
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> insert into test001 values('zhang','man');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec) 
[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select * from test001.test001;"
Enter password: 
+-------+------+
| id  | name |
+-------+------+
| zhang | man  |
+-------+------+
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "select * from test001.test001;"
Enter password: 
ERROR 1146 (42S02) at line 1: Table 'test001.test001' doesn't exist

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