时过境迁：Oracle跨平台迁移之XTTS方案与实践

select dbtimezone from dual;
DBTIME
------
+08:00

select * from nls_database_parameterswhere parameter like '%CHARACTERSET%';
PARAMETER                      VALUE
------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET               AL32UTF8
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET         UTF8

select 'opatch',comments fromdba_registry_history
'OPATC COMMENTS
--------------------------------------------------------
opatch PSU 11.2.0.4.4

Patch 22171097: MERGE REQUEST ON TOP OF DATABASE PSU11.2.0.4.6 FOR BUGS 17534365 19023822

Select comp_name from dba_registry;
源端组件情况
COMP_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OracleApplication Express
OracleMultimedia
OracleXML Database
OracleExpression Filter
OracleRules Manager
OracleWorkspace Manager
OracleDatabase Catalog Views
OracleDatabase Packages and Types
JServerJAVA Virtual Machine
OracleXDK
OracleDatabase Java Packages
目标段组件情况
COMP_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OracleEnterprise Manager
OracleWorkspace Manager
OracleDatabase Catalog Views
OracleDatabase Packages and Types

Key compression
Selectindex_name,table_name from dba_indexes where compression=’ENABLED’;

Select owner,table_namefrom dba_tables where iot_type is not null;

If the sourcecontains cluster objects, then run "analyze cluster &cluster_namevalidate structure cascade" after XTTS has been completed in the targetdatabase and if it reports an ORA-1499 open the trace file and review if it hasentries like:
kdcchk: indexpoints to block 0x01c034f2 slot 0x1 chain length is 256
kdcchk: chain count wrong 0x01c034f2.1 chain is 1 index says 256
last entry 0x01c034f2.1 blockcount = 1
kdavls: kdcchk returns 3 when checking cluster dba 0x01c034a1 objn 90376
Then to repairthis inconsistency either:
1. rebuild thecluster index.
or
2. Install fix bug 17866999 and run dbms_repair.repair_cluster_index_keycount
If afterrepairing the inconsistency the "analyze cluster &cluster_namevalidate structure cascade" still reports issues then recreate theaffected cluster which involves recreating its tables.

ORA-19837:invalid blocksize 0 in backup piece header
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 2338
ORA-06512: at line 40
配置压缩会导致以上报错，通过rman > show all; 检查

select table_name, owner, tablespace_name from dba_tables where tablespace_name not in('SYSTEM','SYSAUX') and owner in ('SYS','SYSTEM');

exec dbms_tts.transport_set_check（'将所有需要传输的表空间名写在这里用逗号隔开' ,TRUE,True）;


select * fromtransport_set_violations;

show parameter compatible

showparameter recyclebin;
 
NAME        TYPE                   VALUE
--------------------------------- --------
recyclebin  string                 on (这里应该为 off)

关闭回收站
alter systemset recyclebin=’off’ scope=both;

Select distinct status from v$datafile;
正常返回应为：ONLINE、SYSTEM。

ttslink=
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ip地址)(PORT = 1521))
   (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER =DEDICATED)
     (SERVICE_NAME = 实例名)
    )
  )
create public database link ttslink connect to systemidentified by password using 'ttslink';

select * from v$version@ttslink;

[oracle@source]$ pwd
/home/oracle/xtt
[oracle@source]$ unzip rman_xttconvert_v3.zip
Archive: rman_xttconvert_v3.zip
inflating: xtt.properties
inflating: xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
inflating: xttdbopen.sql
inflating: xttdriver.pl
inflating: xttprep.tmpl
extracting: xttstartupnomount.sql

SQL> alter database enable block change trackingusing file '+datadg';
 
Database altered.

/home/oracle/xtt2/ xtt.properties
tablespaces=XTTS 需要大写
platformid=13
dfcopydir=/home/oracle/xtt2/dfcopydir
backupformat=/home/oracle/xtt2/backup
stageondest=/home/oracle/xtt2/stageondest
storageondest=/oggtest/oggtest
backupondest=/home/oracle/xtt2/backupondest
parallel=2
rollparallel=2
 
mkdir /home/oracle/xtt2/dfcopydir
mkdir /home/oracle/xtt2/backup
mkdir /home/oracle/xtt2/stageondest
mkdir /home/oracle/xtt2/backupondest

tablespaces=               ----需要迁移的表空间
platformid=           ----源 OS 平台 ID
dfcopydir=             ----源数据库备份文件存放目录
backupformat=            ---源数据库增备文件存放目录
stageondest=              ----目标据库备份文件存放目录
storageondest=         ----目标据库正式文件存放目录
backupondest=         ----目标据库增备文件存放目录
parallel=                ----备份，转化的并行度
rollparallel=             ----增备的并行度
getfileparallel=            ---- 使用 dbms_file_transfer 方式的并行度

scp -r /home/oracle/xtt2 sprac2:/home/oracle

If TMPDIR is not set, output files are created in andinput files are expected to be in /tmp.
[oracle@source]$ export TMPDIR=/home/oracle/xtt2
[oracle@dest]$ export TMPDIR=/home/oracle/xtt2

perl /home/oracle/xtt2/xttdriver.pl -p

scp dfcopydir/XTTS_10.tf sprac2:/home/oracle/xtt2/stageondest

export TMPDIR=/home/oracle/xtt2
scp rmanconvert.cmd sprac2:/home/oracle/xtt2
perl xttdriver.pl -c

[oracle@sprac1 xtt2]$ perl xttdriver.pl -i

[oracle@sprac1 xtt2]$ scp `cat incrbackups.txt`sprac2:/home/oracle/xtt2/stageondest

[oracle@sprac1 xtt2]$ scp xttplan.txt tsbkupmap.txtsprac2:/home/oracle/xtt2
[oracle@sprac2 xtt2]$ perl xttdriver.pl -r 目标端执行

[oracle@sprac1 xtt2]$ perl xttdriver.pl -s

select 'create user '||name||' identified by values'''||password||''' default tablespace users temporary tablespace temp;' fromuser$ where name in (‘输入所需要创建的用户名’)

SQL> alter tablespace xtts read only;

---自定义角色，Role（R_INIT_USER）
select GRANTED_ROLE from dba_role_privs whereGRANTEE='XTTS';
create role R_INIT_USER;
 
select 'grant '||PRIVILEGE||' to '||GRANTEE||';' fromdba_sys_privs where grantee='R_INIT_USER';

---执行源端保留的 profile 信息
set long 1000000
SET PAGESIZE 3000
set lines 200
SET HEADING OFF
SET VERIFY OFF
SET FEEDBACK OFF
set echo on
set timing off
set wrap On
SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 400
spool create_profile.sql
with profile as(
select distinct profile from dba_profiles)
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('PROFILE',PROFILE) fromprofile;

---创建临时表
@temp_table.sql
 
源端生产库采集脚本，目标端执行
set long 1000000
SET PAGESIZE 3000
set lines 200
SET HEADING OFF
SET VERIFY OFF
SET FEEDBACK OFF
set echo on
set timing off
set wrap On
SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 400
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE',TABLE_NAME,OWNER)
from DBA_TABLES
where TEMPORARY='Y' and owner in ();

[oracle@sprac2 xtt2]$ perl xttdriver.pl -e
这个步骤会产生一个导入样本脚本 xttplugin.txt，需要修改如下：
在一次元数据导入阶段，不能开启并行，统计信息导入阶段，可以将会话杀除终止
 
cat xttplugin.txt
impdp directory=DATA_PUMP_DIRlogfile=tts_imp.log 
network_link=xttlinktransport_full_check=no 
transport_tablespaces=XTTS 
transport_datafiles='/oggtest/oggtest/XTTS_10.xtf' exclude=statistics

impdp directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR logfile=tts_imp_2.lognetwork_link=xttlink schemas= 'XTTS' content=metadata_only  exclude=index,table,constraint,statistics

execDBMS_STATS.GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS(ownname=>'XTTS',ESTIMATE_PERCENT=>5,method_opt=>'forall columns size 1',cascade=>true,force=>true,degree=>12);

使用如下脚本重新赋权
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
SET LINESIZE 1000
SET FEEDBACK OFF
SET TRIMSPOOL ON
set long 999999            
SET PAGESIZE 1000
spool grant_role_priv.sql
select 'grant '||GRANTED_ROLE||' to '||grantee||';'from dba_role_privs where grantee in() and admin_option='NO'
union
select 'grant '||GRANTED_ROLE||' to '||grantee||' withadmin option;' from dba_role_privs where grantee in() and admin_option='YES';
spool off
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
SET LINESIZE 1000
SET FEEDBACK OFF
set long 999999 
SET TRIMSPOOL ON
SET PAGESIZE 1000
spool grant_sys_priv.sql
select 'grant '||privilege||' to '||grantee||';' fromdba_sys_privs where grantee in() and admin_option='NO'
union
select 'grant '||privilege||' to '||grantee||' withadmin option;' from dba_sys_privs where grantee in()and admin_option='YES';
spool off
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
SET LINESIZE 1000
SET FEEDBACK OFF
SET TRIMSPOOL ON
set long 999999            
SET PAGESIZE 1000
spool grant_tab_privs.sql
select 'grant ' || privilege || ' on ' || owner || '.'|| table_name || ' to ' || grantee || ';' from dba_tab_privs where grantee in()grantable='NO'
union
select 'grant ' || privilege || ' on ' || owner || '.'|| table_name || ' to ' || grantee || ' with grant option;' from dba_tab_privswhere grantee in() and grantable='YES'; 
spool off

RMAN> validate tablespace xtts check logical;

@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sq