24.Django路由规则 - 码农教程

路由规则

1.基于正则的url

在templates目录下创建index.html、detail.html文件

(1)index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    {% for k,value in user_dict.items %}
        <li><a href="/detail-{{ k }}.html" target="_blank">{{ value.name }}</a></li>
    {% endfor %}
</body>
</html>

(2)idetail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>详细信息</h2>
    <h4>用户名：{{ detail_info.name }}</h4>
    <h4>邮箱：{{ detail_info.email }}</h4>
</body>
</html>

(3)views

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

USER_DICT = {
    '1':{'name':'root1','email':'root1@xxx.com'},
    '2':{'name':'root2','email':'root2@xxx.com'},
    '3':{'name':'root3','email':'root3@xxx.com'},
    '4':{'name':'root4','email':'root4@xxx.com'},
}
def index(request):
    return render(request,'index.html',{'user_dict':USER_DICT})

def detail(request,nid):
    detail_info = USER_DICT[nid]
    return render(request, "detail.html", {"detail_info": detail_info})

(4)urls

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from cmdb import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^index/', views.index),
    url(r'^detail-(d+).html/', views.detail),
]

2.正则url分组

(1)url修改

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^index/', views.index),
    url(r'^detail-(?P<nid>d+)-(?P<uid>d+).html/', views.detail),    
]

（2）views修改

url中是一个字典的格式，分组对应 {'nid':'d+','uid':'d+'}

def detail(request,**kwargs):
    print(kwargs)
    # {'nid':1,'uid':4}
    nid = kwargs.get('nid')
    detail_info = USER_DICT[nid]
    return render(request, "detail.html", {"detail_info": detail_info})

(3)login中也要对应

 {% for k,value in user_dict.items %}
        <li><a href="/detail-{{ k }}-4.html" target="_blank">{{ value.name }}</a></li>
 {% endfor %}

3.request.path_info获取当前客户端访问的路劲

（1）urls

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from cmdb import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^index', views.index),
]

(2)views

def index(request):
    print(request.path_info)    #获取客户端当前的访问链接
    # / index
    return render(request,"index.html",{"user_dict":USER_DICT})

(3)inde.html

==> action="{{ request.path_info }}

<form action="{{ request.path_info }}" method="post">
    <p><input  name="user" type="text" placeholder="用户名"/></p>
    <p><input  name="password" type="password" placeholder="密码"/></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"/></p>
</form>

4.name

对路由关系进行命名，根据此名称生成自己想要的URL

views

def index(request,*args,**kwargs):
    return render(request,"index.html")

urls

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from cmdb import views

urlpatterns = [
    # url(r'^first/', views.index, name='i1'),   #第一种
    # url(r'^second/(d+)/(d+)/', views.index,name='i2'),   #第二种
      url(r'^third/(?P<pid>d+)/(?P<nid>d+)/',views.index,name='i3'),    #第三种
]

index.html

        第一种
        <form action="{% url 'i1' %}" method="post">
        第二种
        <form action="{% url 'i2' 1 2 %}" method="post">
        第三种
        <form action="{% url "i3" pid=1 nid=9 %}" method="post">

            <p><input name="user" type="text" placeholder="用户名"/></p>
            <p><input name="password" type="password" placeholder="密码"/></p>
            <p><input type="submit" value="提交"/></p>
        </form>

5.路由分发

主程序urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from cmdb import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^cmdb/', include('cmdb.urls')),
]

cmdb下的urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from cmdb import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^time/',views.time),
]

访问： http://127.0.0.1:8000/cmdb/time/