技术干货 | hive安装部署

解压hive压缩包

apache-hive-2.1.0-bin.tar.gz（官网下载）

配置HADOOP_HOME环境变量

配置HIVE_HOME环境变量

在$HIVE_HOME/conf下创建hive-site.xml,并输入增加以下配置：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl" ?>
<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
    <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hive.server2.logging.operation.log.location</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive/operation_logs</value>
    <description>Top level directory where operation logs are stored if logging functionality is enabled</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive</value>
    <description>Local scratch space for Hive jobs</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive/resources</value>
    <description>Temporary local directory for added resources in the remote file system.</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
    <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
   <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
    <value>jdbc:mysql://master:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
    <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
    <value>hive</value>
    <description>username to use against metastore database</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
    <value>bigdata</value>
    <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
  </property>
<property>
    <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
    <value>0.0.0.0</value>
    <description>Bind host on which to run the HiveServer2 Thrift interface.
  Can be overridden by setting $HIVE_SERVER2_THRIFT_BIND_HOST</description>
</property>
<property>
    <name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>
    <value>10000</value>
    <description>Port number of HiveServer2 Thrift interface.
  Can be overridden by setting $HIVE_SERVER2_THRIFT_PORT</description>
</property>
<property>
    <name>hive.server2.enable.doAs</name>
    <value>false</value>
    <description>Set true to use user who login hiveserver2 for executing hadoop job.Otherwise, use the user who run hiveserver2.</description>
</property> 
</configuration>

安装mysql,创建指定主机能访问的用于hive的的用户及密码，并授予所有权限,如果javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL属性没有加createDatabaseIfNotExist=true，那么需要手动创建用于hive的数据库

拷贝mysql驱动JAR包到$HIVE_HOME/lib目录下：

cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-bin.jar $HIVE_HOME/lib/

执行schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql

下载hive-jdbc-2.1.0-standalone.jar并放入$HIVE_HOME/lib下。（因为使用beeline方式连接hive时需要）

使用以下命令启动hive服务：

hive --service hiveserver2 >/dev/null 2>/dev/null &

检查HiveServer是否启动成功的最快捷的方法就是使用netstat命令查看10000端口是否打开并监听连接：netstat -nl|grep 10000

Hive提供了配置变量hive.start.cleanup.scratchdir,默认值是false,将这个属性设置为true的话，那么就会在每次重启HiveServer服务时清理掉临时目录。

如果metastore不在server同一台主机上，需要配置：

hive.metastore.local为false

hive.metastore.uris为远程metastore服务地址，如：thrift://metastore_server:9083

且需要手动在远程主机上执行hive --service metastore >/dev/null 2>/dev/null & 来启动metastore,可以用netstat -an|grep 9083检查源数据服务是否启动。