CentOS7.8下编译muduo库找不到Boost库报错的解决方法

时间:2022-07-23
本文章向大家介绍CentOS7.8下编译muduo库找不到Boost库报错的解决方法,主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项,具有一定的参考价值,需要的朋友可以参考一下。

很早之前在CentOS7下编译安装过陈硕muduo库并且成功运行示例程序muduo-tutorial,但是今天从github上面下载muduo源代码确报错了,提示Boost库找不到,但是我明明安装过Boost1.69.0的 陈硕老师的Github为:https://github.com/chenshuo

一、从Github上 下载muduo和muduo-tutorial源代码

下载muduo源代码

git clone https://github.com/chenshuo/muduo.git

下载muduo-tutorial示例程序

git clone https://github.com/chenshuo/muduo-tutorial.git

二、编译muduo库

进入到刚才下载的muduo目录,比如我的腾讯云主机上muduo的下载目录为:/root/GithubProjects

按照muduo Github官网README中的说法, 只需要编译muduo库根目录下的build.sh可执行文件即可。

Muduo is a multithreaded C++ network library based on
the reactor pattern.

http://github.com/chenshuo/muduo

Copyright (c) 2010, Shuo Chen.  All rights reserved.

Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
license that can be found in the License file.

Requires:
  Linux kernel version >= 2.6.28.
  GCC >= 4.7 or Clang >= 3.5
  Boost (for boost::any only.)

Tested on:
  Debian 7 and above
  Unbuntu 14.04 and above
  CentOS 7 and above

To build, run:
  ./build.sh

See https://github.com/chenshuo/muduo-tutorial for
how to use muduo in your project.
  __  __           _
 |  /  |         | |
 |   / |_   _  __| |_   _  ___
 | |/| | | | |/ _` | | | |/ _ 
 | |  | | |_| | (_| | |_| | (_) |
 |_|  |_|__,_|__,_|__,_|___/

我的腾讯云主机的系统是CentOS7.8

在muduo源代码所在目录执行build.sh脚本报错,错误信息如下图所示:

从错误信息可以看出找不到Boost库的头文件所在路径,于是我查看了一下muduo源代码根目录下的CMakeLists.txt文件:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)

project(muduo C CXX)

enable_testing()

if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")
endif()

# only build examples if this is the main project
if(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL "muduo")
  option(MUDUO_BUILD_EXAMPLES "Build Muduo examples" ON)
endif()

set(CXX_FLAGS
 -g
 # -DVALGRIND
 -DCHECK_PTHREAD_RETURN_VALUE
 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
 -Wall
 -Wextra
 -Werror
 -Wconversion
 -Wno-unused-parameter
 -Wold-style-cast
 -Woverloaded-virtual
 -Wpointer-arith
 -Wshadow
 -Wwrite-strings
 -march=native
 # -MMD
 -std=c++11
 -rdynamic
 )
if(CMAKE_BUILD_BITS EQUAL 32)
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-m32")
endif()
if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-null-dereference")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-sign-conversion")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-unused-local-typedef")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wthread-safety")
  list(REMOVE_ITEM CXX_FLAGS "-rdynamic")
endif()
string(REPLACE ";" " " CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CXX_FLAGS}")

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "-O0")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O2 -DNDEBUG")
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib)

find_package(Boost REQUIRED)
find_package(Protobuf)
find_package(CURL)
find_package(ZLIB)
find_path(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR ares.h)
find_library(CARES_LIBRARY NAMES cares)
find_path(MHD_INCLUDE_DIR microhttpd.h)
find_library(MHD_LIBRARY NAMES microhttpd)
find_library(BOOSTTEST_LIBRARY NAMES boost_unit_test_framework)
find_library(BOOSTPO_LIBRARY NAMES boost_program_options)
find_library(BOOSTSYSTEM_LIBRARY NAMES boost_system)
find_path(TCMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR gperftools/heap-profiler.h)
find_library(TCMALLOC_LIBRARY NAMES tcmalloc_and_profiler)
find_path(HIREDIS_INCLUDE_DIR hiredis/hiredis.h)
find_library(HIREDIS_LIBRARY NAMES hiredis)
find_path(GD_INCLUDE_DIR gd.h)
find_library(GD_LIBRARY NAMES gd)
find_program(THRIFT_COMPILER thrift)
find_path(THRIFT_INCLUDE_DIR thrift)
find_library(THRIFT_LIBRARY NAMES thrift)

if(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR AND CARES_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found cares")
endif()
if(CURL_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found curl")
endif()
if(PROTOBUF_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found protobuf")
endif()
if(TCMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR AND TCMALLOC_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found tcmalloc")
endif()
if(ZLIB_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found zlib")
endif()
if(HIREDIS_INCLUDE_DIR AND HIREDIS_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found hiredis")
endif()
if(GD_INCLUDE_DIR AND GD_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found gd")
endif()
if(THRIFT_COMPILER AND THRIFT_INCLUDE_DIR AND THRIFT_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found thrift")
endif()

include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})

include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})

string(TOUPPER ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} BUILD_TYPE)
message(STATUS "CXX_FLAGS = " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} " " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_${BUILD_TYPE}})

add_subdirectory(muduo/base)
add_subdirectory(muduo/net)

if(MUDUO_BUILD_EXAMPLES)
  add_subdirectory(contrib)
  add_subdirectory(examples)
else()
  if(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR AND CARES_LIBRARY)
    add_subdirectory(examples/cdns)
  endif()
endif()

从上述CMakeLists.txt文件中可以看出,muduo库依赖于Boost、ProtoBuf、CURL、ZLIB等库的。我的腾讯云CentOS7.8系统下已经安装过了Boost1.69和ProtoBuf3.9.1

命名自己将Boost1.69.0安装到/usr/local/boost目录下了,为什么muduo库找不到呢?很是纳闷,估计是/usr/local/boost目录不是默认的安装目录所以会导致这个问题吧,最后找到了如下两篇博客:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.3)
project(boost_test)
find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system thread)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
add_executable(boost_test boost_test.cpp)
target_link_libraries(boost_test ${Boost_LIBRARIES})

还有CMake官方提供的FindBoost

根据简书上的这篇博客Linux下使用CMake进行编译的时候寻找Boost库

所以解决办法很明了了,既然muduo库找不到我安装的boost1.69.0的头文件所在目录,那么我修改一下CMakeLists.txt文件,在find_package(Boost REQUIRED)这句查找Boost库之前,手动设置boost根目录、头文件、lib库文件所在目录就好了即: 可以在搜索package之前,通过设置一些变量来帮助boost库的查找

BOOST_ROOT             - 首选的Boost安装路径
BOOST_INCLUDEDIR       - 首选的头文件搜索路径 e.g. <prefix>/include
BOOST_LIBRARYDIR       - 首选的库文件搜索路径 e.g. <prefix>/lib
Boost_NO_SYSTEM_PATHS  - 默认是OFF. 如果开启了,则不会搜索用户指定路径之外的路径

所以可以首先设置BOOST_ROOT、BOOST_INCLUDEDIR、BOOST_LIBRARYDIR这几个变量的值,改成自己的Boost库的目录,比如我的Boost1.69.0的安装目录是: /usr/local/boost

set (BOOST_ROOT /usr/local/boost)
set (BOOST_INCLUDEDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/include)
set (BOOST_LIBRARYDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/lib)

修改后的CMakeLists.txt文件如下所示:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)

project(muduo C CXX)

enable_testing()

if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")
endif()

# only build examples if this is the main project
if(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL "muduo")
  option(MUDUO_BUILD_EXAMPLES "Build Muduo examples" ON)
endif()

set(CXX_FLAGS
 -g
 # -DVALGRIND
 -DCHECK_PTHREAD_RETURN_VALUE
 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
 -Wall
 -Wextra
 #-Werror
 -Wconversion
 -Wno-unused-parameter
 #-Wold-style-cast
 -Woverloaded-virtual
 -Wpointer-arith
 #-Wshadow
 -Wwrite-strings
 -march=native
 # -MMD
 -std=c++11
 -rdynamic
 )
if(CMAKE_BUILD_BITS EQUAL 32)
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-m32")
endif()
if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-null-dereference")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-sign-conversion")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-unused-local-typedef")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wthread-safety")
  list(REMOVE_ITEM CXX_FLAGS "-rdynamic")
endif()
string(REPLACE ";" " " CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CXX_FLAGS}")

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "-O0")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O2 -DNDEBUG")
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib)

# 在搜索Boost的package之前,通过设置一些变量来帮助boost库的查找
set (BOOST_ROOT /usr/local/boost)
set (BOOST_INCLUDEDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/include)
set (BOOST_LIBRARYDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/lib)

# 寻找boost库
find_package(Boost REQUIRED)

if (Boost_FOUND)
  message( STATUS "Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS = ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}.")
  message( STATUS "Boost_LIBRARIES = ${Boost_LIBRARIES}.")
  message( STATUS "Boost_LIB_VERSION = ${Boost_LIB_VERSION}.")
endif()


find_package(Protobuf)
find_package(CURL)
find_package(ZLIB)
find_path(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR ares.h)
find_library(CARES_LIBRARY NAMES cares)
find_path(MHD_INCLUDE_DIR microhttpd.h)
find_library(MHD_LIBRARY NAMES microhttpd)

if(Boost_FOUND)
  find_library(BOOSTTEST_LIBRARY NAMES boost_unit_test_framework)
  find_library(BOOSTPO_LIBRARY NAMES boost_program_options)
  find_library(BOOSTSYSTEM_LIBRARY NAMES boost_system)
endif()

find_path(TCMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR gperftools/heap-profiler.h)
find_library(TCMALLOC_LIBRARY NAMES tcmalloc_and_profiler)
find_path(HIREDIS_INCLUDE_DIR hiredis/hiredis.h)
find_library(HIREDIS_LIBRARY NAMES hiredis)
find_path(GD_INCLUDE_DIR gd.h)
find_library(GD_LIBRARY NAMES gd)
find_program(THRIFT_COMPILER thrift)
find_path(THRIFT_INCLUDE_DIR thrift)
find_library(THRIFT_LIBRARY NAMES thrift)

if(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR AND CARES_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found cares")
endif()
if(CURL_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found curl")
endif()
if(PROTOBUF_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found protobuf")
endif()
if(TCMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR AND TCMALLOC_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found tcmalloc")
endif()
if(ZLIB_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found zlib")
endif()
if(HIREDIS_INCLUDE_DIR AND HIREDIS_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found hiredis")
endif()
if(GD_INCLUDE_DIR AND GD_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found gd")
endif()
if(THRIFT_COMPILER AND THRIFT_INCLUDE_DIR AND THRIFT_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found thrift")
endif()

if(Boost_FOUND)
  include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
endif()

include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})

string(TOUPPER ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} BUILD_TYPE)
message(STATUS "CXX_FLAGS = " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} " " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_${BUILD_TYPE}})

add_subdirectory(muduo/base)
add_subdirectory(muduo/net)

if(MUDUO_BUILD_EXAMPLES)
  add_subdirectory(contrib)
  add_subdirectory(examples)
else()
  if(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR AND CARES_LIBRARY)
    add_subdirectory(examples/cdns)
  endif()
endif()

修改CMakeLists.txt再运行build.sh脚本,需要注意的是还需要在设置CXX_FLAGS变量时,注释掉如下三个预处理指令:

 #-Werror
 #-Wold-style-cast
  #-Wshadow

不然可能会在CentOS7下编译muduo报错。CentOS7下编译muduo库需要一些时间:

从上图可以看出,我们成功编译了muduo源代码。

可以看到在/root/GithubProjects/build目录下生成了release-cpp11目录,里面有如下目录和文件,包括可执行程序、lib、examples、muduo目录:

三、使用cmake编译安装muduo库

cd /root/GithubProjects/muduo
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make 
make install

可以看到执行make install后,头文件被拷贝到了/usr/local/muduo目录下,lib库文件拷贝到了/usr/local/lib目录下。

四、使用编译muduo-tutorial

muduo-tutorial示例程序的README文件描述了如何使用muduo库:

Examples of Muduo network library

0) src             - source file
1) bazel           - build with Bazel
2) cmake-submodule - build with CMake, checking out muduo as a git submodule
3) cmake           - build with CMake
2) makefile        - build with Makefile

1) build with bazel
cd bazel
bazel build -c opt :all

2) build with CMake with git submodule
git submodule update --init
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ../cmake-submodule
make

Assuming Muduo is installed in $HOME/build/debug-install

3) build with CMake
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ../cmake
make
# echo binary is in ./bin/

4) build with GNU make
cd makefile
make
# echo binary is in ./

上面4种方法中,我所熟悉的是第三种和第四种,这里我以cmake第三种为例: 注意:不论使用make还是cmake也好,注意:muduo库的路径需要根据自己编译后的路径为准。