Android10.0实现本地音乐播放(附源码下载)

1.概述

本篇文章仅是Android小白在写一个小程序，内容仅供参考，有很多不足之处希望各位大神指出，文章末尾有整个项目的下载，不需要币，只求帮你们解决到问题的同时收获到一颗小小的赞。这个项目中还有很多不足的地方，如：在按键中设置图片文字，这些正常的应该交给Handler处理，我只是粗略地完成这个项目。测试环境：Android10.0。实现：自动播放下一首，正常音乐的功能，全屏显示。 Android10.0是内外分存了的，应用是没有权限读取内存的，需要在配置文件中application中加上属性：android:requestLegacyExternalStorage=“true”，不加可能可以读取歌曲，但是无法播放。

2.效果截图

截图显示不同是因为这不是同一时间截的，只是一个效果图

3.读取本地音乐以及保存歌曲

①先在AndroidManifest文件里面配置权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" </uses-permission 
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" </uses-permission

②目前基本上的手机使用静态权限是不够的，需要动态获取权限，因此需要在MainActivity里面动态获取，在onCreate方法里调用方法

private void check(){
 if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT  = Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
  if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ) {
   requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
   Log.d(TAG,"---------------------写权限不够-----------------");
  }
  if(checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ){
   requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 2);
   Log.d(TAG,"---------------------读权限不够-----------------");
  }
 }
}

③再去实现权限的回调方法，与Activity的onCreate方法是同一级别的

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
 super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
 switch (requestCode) {
  case 1:
   if (grantResults.length   0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    Log.d(TAG, "---------------------写权限够了-----------------------------");
   }
   break;
  case 2:
   if (grantResults.length   0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    Log.d(TAG, "---------------------读权限够了-----------------------------");
   }
   break;
 }
}

④创建一个工具类Mp3Info，用来保存音乐信息的，里面主要是一些get和set方法

public class Mp3Info {
 private String url;//路径
 private String title;//歌曲名
 private String artist;//艺术家
 private long duration;//歌曲时长
 private long id;
 private long album;//专辑图片
 }

⑤创建一个MusicUtil类，通过ContentPorvider的接口获取歌曲信息

public class MusicUtil {
//获取专辑封面的UI
private static final String TAG="MusicUtil";
private static final Uri albumArtUri=Uri.parse("content://media/external/audio/albumart");
//生成歌曲列表
public static List<Mp3Info  getMp3InfoList(Context context){
Cursor cursor=context.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, null, null, null,null);
List<Mp3Info  mp3InfoList=new ArrayList< ();
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
Mp3Info mp3Info=new Mp3Info();
mp3Info.setUrl(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA)));//path
mp3Info.setTitle(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.TITLE)));
mp3Info.setArtist(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.ARTIST)));
mp3Info.setDuration(cursor.getLong(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DURATION)));
mp3Info.setId(cursor.getLong(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media._ID)));
mp3Info.setAlbum(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.ALBUM_ID)));
mp3InfoList.add(mp3Info);
}
return mp3InfoList;
}
//格式化时间，转换为分/秒
public static String formatTime(long time){
String min = time / (1000 * 60) + "";
String sec = time % (1000 * 60) + "";
if (min.length() < 2) {
min = "0" + time / (1000 * 60) + "";
} else {
min = time / (1000 * 60) + "";
}
if (sec.length() == 4) {
sec = "0" + (time % (1000 * 60)) + "";
} else if (sec.length() == 3) {
sec = "00" + (time % (1000 * 60)) + "";
} else if (sec.length() == 2) {
sec = "000" + (time % (1000 * 60)) + "";
} else if (sec.length() == 1) {
sec = "0000" + (time % (1000 * 60)) + "";
}
return min + ":" + sec.trim().substring(0, 2);
}
//获取专辑图片，目前是只能获取手机自带歌曲的专辑图片，如果手机有酷狗，qq音乐之类的，可能无法获取专辑图片
//因为他们的uri不知道。
public Bitmap getArtwork(Context context, long song_id, long album_id, boolean allowdefalut, boolean small){
if(album_id < 0) {
if(song_id < 0) {
Bitmap bm = getArtworkFromFile(context, song_id, -1);
if(bm != null) {
return bm;
}
}
if(allowdefalut) {
return getDefaultArtwork(context, small);
}
return null;
}
ContentResolver res = context.getContentResolver();
Uri uri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(albumArtUri, album_id);
if(uri != null) {
InputStream in = null;
try {
in = res.openInputStream(uri);
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
//先制定原始大小
options.inSampleSize = 1;
//只进行大小判断
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
//调用此方法得到options得到图片的大小
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);
/** 我们的目标是在你N pixel的画面上显示。 所以需要调用computeSampleSize得到图片缩放的比例 **/
/** 这里的target为800是根据默认专辑图片大小决定的，800只是测试数字但是试验后发现完美的结合 **/
if(small){
options.inSampleSize = computeSampleSize(options, 40);
} else{
options.inSampleSize = computeSampleSize(options, 600);
}
// 我们得到了缩放比例，现在开始正式读入Bitmap数据
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
options.inDither = false;
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
in = res.openInputStream(uri);
return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
Bitmap bm = getArtworkFromFile(context, song_id, album_id);
if(bm != null) {
if(bm.getConfig() == null) {
bm = bm.copy(Bitmap.Config.RGB_565, false);
if(bm == null && allowdefalut) {
return getDefaultArtwork(context, small);
}
}
} else if(allowdefalut) {
bm = getDefaultArtwork(context, small);
}
return bm;
} finally {
try {
if(in != null) {
in.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 从文件当中获取专辑封面位图
* @param context
* @param songid
* @param albumid
* @return
*/
private static Bitmap getArtworkFromFile(Context context, long songid, long albumid){
Bitmap bm = null;
if(albumid < 0 && songid < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("---------------------"+TAG+"Must specify an album or a song id");
}
try {
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
FileDescriptor fd = null;
if(albumid < 0){
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/audio/media/" + songid + "/albumart");
ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = context.getContentResolver().openFileDescriptor(uri, "r");
if(pfd != null) {
fd = pfd.getFileDescriptor();
}
} else {
Uri uri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(albumArtUri, albumid);
ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = context.getContentResolver().openFileDescriptor(uri, "r");
if(pfd != null) {
fd = pfd.getFileDescriptor();
}
}
options.inSampleSize = 1;
// 只进行大小判断
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
// 调用此方法得到options得到图片大小
BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fd, null, options);
// 我们的目标是在800pixel的画面上显示
// 所以需要调用computeSampleSize得到图片缩放的比例
options.inSampleSize = 100;
// 我们得到了缩放的比例，现在开始正式读入Bitmap数据
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
options.inDither = false;
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
//根据options参数，减少所需要的内存
bm = BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fd, null, options);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bm;
}
/**
* 获取默认专辑图片
* @param context
* @return
*/
@SuppressLint("ResourceType")
public static Bitmap getDefaultArtwork(Context context, boolean small) {
BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
opts.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
if(small){ //返回小图片
//return
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(context.getResources().openRawResource(R.drawable.default_picture), null, opts);
}
return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(context.getResources().openRawResource(R.drawable.default_picture), null, opts);
}
/**
* 对图片进行合适的缩放
* @param options
* @param target
* @return
*/
public static int computeSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int target) {
int w = options.outWidth;
int h = options.outHeight;
int candidateW = w / target;
int candidateH = h / target;
int candidate = Math.max(candidateW, candidateH);
if(candidate == 0) {
return 1;
}
if(candidate   1) {
if((w   target) && (w / candidate) < target) {
candidate -= 1;
}
}
if(candidate   1) {
if((h   target) && (h / candidate) < target) {
candidate -= 1;
}
}
return candidate;
}
}

⑥为列表设置adapter，新建一个MyAdapter类继承BaseAdapter，然后在重写的getView里面设置显示的控件

@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
if(convertView==null){
holder=new ViewHolder();
convertView=View.inflate(context, R.layout.list_item,null);
holder.tv_title=convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
holder.tv_artist=convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_artist);
holder.tv_duration=convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_duration);
holder.tv_position=convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_position);
convertView.setTag(holder);
}else {
holder= (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
}
holder.tv_title.setText(list.get(position).getTitle());
holder.tv_artist.setText(list.get(position).getArtist());
long duration = list.get(position).getDuration();
String time= MusicUtil.formatTime(duration);
holder.tv_duration.setText(time);
holder.tv_position.setText(position+1+"");
if(currentItem == position){
holder.tv_title.setSelected(true);
holder.tv_position.setSelected(true);
holder.tv_duration.setSelected(true);
holder.tv_artist.setSelected(true);
}else{
holder.tv_title.setSelected(false);
holder.tv_position.setSelected(false);
holder.tv_duration.setSelected(false);
holder.tv_artist.setSelected(false);
}
return convertView;
}
class ViewHolder{
TextView tv_title;//歌曲名
TextView tv_artist;//歌手
TextView tv_duration;//时长
TextView tv_position;//序号
}

4.使用Service实现后台播放

使用的是bindService，这样Service的生命周期就和Activity的生命周期绑定在一起了。创建一个MusicService。注意：销毁Service的时候需要将音乐对象release。

①Service实现功能，在onBind方法里面实例化音乐播放对象

@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.d(TAG,"onBind is call");
myBinder=new MyBinder();
return myBinder;
}

②在MyBinder()里面实现音乐的各种功能，使用的是内部类，初始化部分请看源代码包

public class MyBinder extends Binder{
private int index=0;//歌曲索引
//播放音乐
public void playMusic(int index){
this.index=index;
try {
File file=new File(list.get(this.index).getUrl());
if(!file.exists()){
Log.d(TAG,"------------------------------文件不存在------------------------------");
return ;
}else{
Log.d(TAG,"------------------------------文件："+file.getPath()+"存在 ------------------------------");
}
if(mediaPlayer!=null){
mediaPlayer.reset();
mediaPlayer.release();
}
mediaPlayer=new MediaPlayer();
String str=list.get(this.index).getUrl();
mediaPlayer.setDataSource(str);
Log.d(TAG,list.get(this.index).getUrl()+"");
mediaPlayer.prepare();
mediaPlayer.start();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//暂停音乐
public void pauseMusic(){
if(mediaPlayer.isPlaying()){
mediaPlayer.pause();
}
}
//关闭音乐
public void closeMusic(){
if(mediaPlayer!=null){
mediaPlayer.release();
}
}
//下一首
public void nextMusic(){
if(index =list.size()-1){
this.index=0;
}else{
this.index+=1;
}
playMusic(this.index);
}
//上一首
public void preciousMusic(){
if(index<=0){
this.index=list.size()-1;
}else{
this.index-=1;
}
playMusic(this.index);
}
//获取歌曲时长
public int getProgress(int dex){
return (int)list.get(dex).getDuration();
}
public int getProgress(){
return (int)list.get(index).getDuration();
}
//获取当前播放位置
public int getPlayPosition(){
return mediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition();
}
//移动到当前点播放
public void seekToPosition(int m){
mediaPlayer.seekTo(m);
}
}

③在MainActivity里面绑定 a.先实例化一个ServiceConnection对象

private ServiceConnection connection=new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
myBinder= (MusicService.MyBinder) service;
seekBar.setMax(myBinder.getProgress());
seekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {
//这里是判断进度条移动是不是用户所为
if(fromUser){
myBinder.seekToPosition(seekBar.getProgress());
}
}
@Override
public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
}
@Override
public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
}
});
handler.post(runnable);
Log.d(TAG, "Service与Activity已连接");
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
};

b.还需要一个handler来控制ui组件的变化，实例化放在了onCreate方法里面。 c.用一个Runnable对象进行seekbar的前进

private Runnable runnable=new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
seekBar.setProgress(myBinder.getPlayPosition());
tv_leftTime.setText(time.format(myBinder.getPlayPosition())+"");
tv_rightTime.setText(time.format(myBinder.getProgress()-myBinder.getPlayPosition())+"");
if(myBinder.getProgress()-myBinder.getPlayPosition()<1000){//时间不够了自动触发下一首
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {//使用ui线程来触发按键点击事件，不知道这样有没有什么危害
@Override
public void run() {
ib_next.performClick();
}
});
}
handler.postDelayed(runnable,1000);
}
};

d.在onCreate方法里进行绑定

MediaServiceIntent =new Intent(this,MusicService.class);//MediaServiceIntent为一个Intent
bindService(MediaServiceIntent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

5.使用Notification通知栏通知

注意：：如果点击通知栏是从MainActivity跳转到MainActivity，需要在配置文件的activity android:name=”.MainActivity” android:launchMode=“singleTask”，设置为单任务。布局在源代码包里，在Api26级以上需要使用NotificationChannel ①设置通知所触发的PandingIntent，通过Action识别，action为自己定义的常量，setSound无声音。通过RemoteViews去实现通知栏组件的按钮实现

//设置通知
private void setNotification(){
String channelID="cary";
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT =Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
NotificationChannel channel=new NotificationChannel(channelID,"xxx",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
}
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MainActivity.class);
PendingIntent pi=PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this,0,intent,0);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT  = Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
notify=new Notification.Builder(MainActivity.this,channelID)
.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
.setSound(null)
.build();
}
notify.icon=android.R.drawable.btn_star;
notify.contentIntent=pi;
notify.contentView=remoteViews;
notify.flags=Notification.FLAG_ONGOING_EVENT;
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.notice,pi);
//上一首
Intent prevIntent=new Intent(BUTTON_PREV_ID);
PendingIntent prevPendingIntent=PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,0,prevIntent,0);
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.widget_prev,prevPendingIntent);
//播放暂停
Intent playIntent=new Intent(BUTTON_PLAY_ID);
PendingIntent playPendingIntent=PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,0,playIntent,0);
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.widget_play,playPendingIntent);
//下一首
Intent nextIntent=new Intent(BUTTON_NEXT_ID);
PendingIntent nextPendingIntent=PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,0,nextIntent,0);
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.widget_next,nextPendingIntent);
//关闭
Intent closeIntent=new Intent(BUTTON_CLOSE_ID);
PendingIntent closePendingIntent=PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,0,closeIntent,0);
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.widget_close,closePendingIntent);
}

②动态注册广播

//注册广播
private void initButtonReceiver(){
buttonBroadcastReceiver=new ButtonBroadcastReceiver();
IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(BUTTON_PREV_ID);
intentFilter.addAction(BUTTON_PLAY_ID);
intentFilter.addAction(BUTTON_NEXT_ID);
intentFilter.addAction(BUTTON_CLOSE_ID);
registerReceiver(buttonBroadcastReceiver,intentFilter);
}

③显示广播，需要注意的是，每次在Activity里面点击上一首或者下一首都需要调用这个方法，刷新通知栏的标题，以及状态专辑

//展示通知
private void showNotification(){
if(isPlaying){
remoteViews.setImageViewResource(R.id.widget_play,R.drawable.stop);
}else{
remoteViews.setImageViewResource(R.id.widget_play,R.drawable.start);
}
remoteViews.setImageViewBitmap(R.id.widget_album,utils.getArtwork(MainActivity.this,list.get(music_index).getId(),list.get(music_index).getAlbum(),true,false));
remoteViews.setImageViewResource(R.id.widget_close,android.R.drawable.ic_menu_close_clear_cancel);
remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.widget_title,list.get(music_index).getTitle());
remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.widget_artist,list.get(music_index).getArtist());
remoteViews.setTextColor(R.id.widget_title,Color.BLACK);
remoteViews.setTextColor(R.id.widget_artist,Color.BLACK);
notify.contentView=remoteViews;
manager.notify(100,notify);
}

④通知栏动作接收，使用的是内部类

public class ButtonBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action=intent.getAction();
Log.d(TAG,"--------------------收到action:"+action+"--------------------------");
if(action.equals(BUTTON_PREV_ID)){
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ib_precious.performClick();
return;
}
});
}
if(action.equals(BUTTON_PLAY_ID)){
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ib_state.performClick();
return;
}
});
}
if(action.equals(BUTTON_NEXT_ID)){
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ib_next.performClick();
return;
}
});
}
if(action.equals(BUTTON_CLOSE_ID)){
handler.removeCallbacks(runnable);
myBinder.closeMusic();
unbindService(connection);
if(remoteViews!=null){
manager.cancel(100);
}
unregisterReceiver(buttonBroadcastReceiver);
finish();
}
}
}

6.全屏显示

①在AndroidManifest文件里面配置主题样式android:theme=”@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar” 然后在onCreate方法里在setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);之前设置：

if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT =21){
View decorView=getWindow().getDecorView();
decorView.setSystemUiVisibility(View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_FULLSCREEN|View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_STABLE);
getWindow().setStatusBarColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
}

7.设置歌曲选中后的样式

①在res目录下的drawable资源下新建一个类型为selector的xml文件，里面设置属性

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"? 
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
<item
android:state_selected="false"
android:color="#FFFFFF"/ 
<item
android:state_selected="true"
android:color="#FF7F00"/ 
</selector

②在Adapter里面设置getView

currentItem == position){
holder.tv_title.setSelected(true);
holder.tv_position.setSelected(true);
holder.tv_duration.setSelected(true);
holder.tv_artist.setSelected(true);
}else{
holder.tv_title.setSelected(false);
holder.tv_position.setSelected(false);
holder.tv_duration.setSelected(false);
holder.tv_artist.setSelected(false);
}

注意：在使用的时候可能需要手动去设置里面打开权限代码包里面的Music_Playerapprelease下的MusicPlayer.apk是app安装包哦，期待您的点赞，与评论

地址：Music_Player_jb51.rar

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