在springboot中对kafka进行读写操作

时间:2022-07-22
本文章向大家介绍在springboot中对kafka进行读写操作,主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项,具有一定的参考价值,需要的朋友可以参考一下。

springboot对kafka的client很好的实现了集成,使用非常方便,本文也实现了一个在springboot中实现操作kafka的demo。

1.POM配置

只需要在dependencies中增加 spring-kafka的配置即可。完整效果如下:

<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		 <spring-kafka.version>1.2.2.RELEASE</spring-kafka.version>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	 <!-- spring-kafka -->
	    	<dependency>
	      	<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
	      	<artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
	      	<version>${spring-kafka.version}</version>
	    	</dependency>
	    	<dependency>
	      	<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
	      	<artifactId>spring-kafka-test</artifactId>
	      	<version>${spring-kafka.version}</version>
	      	<scope>test</scope>
	    	</dependency>
     </dependencies>

2.生产者

参数配置类,其参数卸载yml文件中,通过@Value注入

package com.dhb.kafka.producer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaProducerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ProducerFactory;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class SenderConfig {

	@Value("${kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
	private String bootstrapServers;

	@Bean
	public Map<String,Object> producerConfigs() {
		Map<String,Object> props = new HashMap<>();
		props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG,this.bootstrapServers);
		props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
		props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG,StringSerializer.class);
		props.put(ProducerConfig.ACKS_CONFIG,"0");
		return props;
	}

	@Bean
	public ProducerFactory<String,String> producerFactory() {
		return  new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(producerConfigs());
	}

	@Bean
	public KafkaTemplate<String,String> kafkaTemplate() {
		return new KafkaTemplate<String, String>(producerFactory());
	}

	@Bean
	public Sender sender() {
		return new Sender();
	}
}

消息发送类

package com.dhb.kafka.producer;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;

@Slf4j
public class Sender {

	@Autowired
	private KafkaTemplate<String,String> kafkaTemplate;

	public void send(String topic,String payload) {
		log.info("sending payload='{}' to topic='{}'",payload,topic);
		this.kafkaTemplate.send(topic,payload);
	}
}

3.消费者

参数配置类

package com.dhb.kafka.consumer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.EnableKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class ReceiverConfig {

	@Value("${kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
	private String bootstrapServers;

	public Map<String,Object> consumerConfigs() {
		Map<String,Object> props = new HashMap<>();
		props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG,bootstrapServers);
		props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
		props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG,StringDeserializer.class);
		props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG,"helloword");
		return props;
	}

	@Bean
	public ConsumerFactory<String,String> consumerFactory() {
		return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs());
	}

	@Bean
	public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String,String> kafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
		ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String,String> factory =
				new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
		factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
		return factory;
	}

	@Bean
	public Receiver receiver() {
		return new Receiver();
	}

}

消息接受类

package com.dhb.kafka.consumer;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

@Slf4j
public class Receiver {

	private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

	public CountDownLatch getLatch() {
		return latch;
	}

	@KafkaListener(topics = "${kafka.topic.helloworld}")
	public void receive(String payload) {
		log.info("received payload='{}'",payload);
		latch.countDown();
	}
}

4.web测试类

定义了一个基于http的web测试接口

package com.dhb.kafka.web;

import com.dhb.kafka.producer.Sender;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class KafkaProducer {

	@Autowired
	Sender sender;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/sender.action", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public void exec(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,String data) throws IOException{
		this.sender.send("testtopic",data);
		response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		response.setContentType("text/json");
		response.getWriter().write("success");
		response.getWriter().flush();
		response.getWriter().close();
	}

}

#4.启动类及配置

package com.dhb.kafka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class KafkaApplication {


	public static void main(String[] args) {		SpringApplication.run(KafkaApplication.class,args);

	}
}

application.yml

kafka:
  bootstrap-servers: 192.168.162.239:9092
  topic:
    helloworld: testtopic

程序结构:

5.读写测试

通过执行KafkaApplication的main方法启动程序。然后打开postman进行测试:

运行后返回success

生产者日志:

消费者日志: