猿蜕变17——一文掌握SSM框架搭建姿势

时间:2022-07-22
本文章向大家介绍猿蜕变17——一文掌握SSM框架搭建姿势,主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项,具有一定的参考价值,需要的朋友可以参考一下。

看过之前的蜕变系列文章,相信你对SpringMVC 、Spring、 Mybatis有了一些应用上的感性认识。但是都还是单个使用,并没有放到一起来使用,今天我们讲讲怎样将这三个框架结合起来使用,学会搭建属于自己的开发框架——也就是俗称的SSM框架。

到目前为止,我们已经学习过三个框架了,SpringMVC Spring Mybatis. Spring MVC 专注于MVC方面的事情,Spring作为IOC容器管理Bean的生命周期,MyBatis用于专注于数据持久层面的事情。三个框架分别负责处理三方面的问题,有条不紊,各有分工。今天我们就来将三个框架融合到一起,让他们协同工作,发挥各自的优势。这也是以后大家会在工作中经常使用的框架——SSM(Spring MVC Spring Mybatis的缩写),不过嘛SpringMVC属于Spring的一部分,你叫SM也不是不可以哒。Spring MVC本来就是Spring生态圈的一部分,这两者间天生就是融合的,不存在整合一说,我们主要做的事情,是将Mybatis和Spring融合到一起,就好了——将SqlSessionFactory和事务处理方面的事情交给Spring来管理。

如果你学到今天都还不会创建web应用?你真滴可能不太适合做一只猿类,放弃吧。

增加项目依赖

修改pom.xml增加SpringMVC Spring Mybatis相关项目依赖

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
       <groupId>com.pz.study.frame</groupId>
       <artifactId>ssmDemo</artifactId>
       <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
       <packaging>war</packaging>
 
       <name>mybatis Maven Webapp</name>
       <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
       <url>http://www.example.com</url>
 
 
       <properties>
              <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
              <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
              <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
       </properties>
 
       <dependencies>
              <!-- 本文主要是以测试用例的方式来使用 -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>junit</groupId>
                     <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                     <version>4.11</version>
                     <scope>test</scope>
              </dependency>
 
              <!-- springMVC相关start -->
              <!--servlet -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                     <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                     <version>3.1.0</version>
                     <scope>provided</scope>
              </dependency>
              <!-- fastjson -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                     <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                     <version>1.2.8</version>
              </dependency>
 
              <!-- 支持日期注解 -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
                     <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
                     <version>2.9</version>
              </dependency>
              <!-- hibernate-validator用于数据校验 -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
                     <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
                     <version>5.0.2.Final</version>
              </dependency>
 
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                     <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                     <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version>
              </dependency>
 
 
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
                     <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                     <version>2.6</version>
              </dependency>
 
 
              <dependency>
                     <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
                     <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
                     <version>1.3.3</version>
              </dependency>
              <!-- springMVC相关end -->
 
              <!-- Spring相关Start -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                     <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                     <version>4.1.2.RELEASE</version>
                     <scope>compile</scope>
              </dependency>
 
              <!-- 使用AOP加入aspectj依赖 -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
                     <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
                     <version>1.7.4</version>
              </dependency>
              <!-- 使用AOP加入Spring对AOP的aspectj的支持依赖 -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                     <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
                     <version>4.1.2.RELEASE</version>
              </dependency>
              <!-- Spring相关end -->
 
              <!-- 加入mybatis<dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                     <version>3.2.7</version></dependency> -->
 
              <!-- 数据库相关 -->
 
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                     <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                     <version>5.1.26</version>
              </dependency>
              <!--druid连接池 -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                     <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                     <version>1.0.9</version>
              </dependency>
              <!-- 方便查看最终输出的sql -->
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                     <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                     <version>1.2.17</version>
              </dependency>
 
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                     <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                     <version>1.7.25</version>
              </dependency>
              <dependency>
                     <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                     <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                     <version>1.7.25</version>
              </dependency>
 
 
       </dependencies>
 
       <build>
              <finalName>ssmDemo</finalName>
              <resources>
                     <resource>
                            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                            <filtering>true</filtering>
                     </resource>
              </resources>
              <pluginManagement><!-- lockdown plugins versions to avoid using Maven 
                            defaults (may bemoved to parent pom) -->
                     <plugins>
                            <!--maven插件 -->
                            <!--jdk编译插件 -->
                            <plugin>
                                   <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                                   <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                                   <configuration>
                                          <source>1.7</source>
                                          <target>1.7</target>
                                          <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                                   </configuration>
                            </plugin>
                            <!--tomcat插件 -->
                            <plugin>
                                   <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                                   <!-- tomcat7的插件, 不同tomcat版本这个也不一样 -->
                                   <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                                   <version>2.1</version>
                                   <configuration>
                                          <!-- 通过maven tomcat7:run运行项目时,访问项目的端口号 -->
                                          <port>80</port>
                                          <!-- 项目访问路径 本例:localhost:9090, 如果配置的aa, 则访问路径为localhost:9090/aa -->
                                          <path>/</path>
                                          <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
                                   </configuration>
                            </plugin>
                     </plugins>
              </pluginManagement>
       </build>
</project>

分类建立配置文件目录

在resources文件目录下建立两个子目录spring和mapper用于存放spring的各个模块配置以及mybatis的mapper文件。这一步你也可以省略,只是以后配置文件显得比较杂乱。建立项目总控文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
        default-autowire="byName">
 
      
   
     <!-- 注册组件扫描器 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.pz.web.study.ssm.*">
      
    </context:component-scan>
   
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer"
              class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
 
              <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders"value="true" />
 
              <property name="locations">
 
                     <list>
 
                            <value>classpath:db.properties</value>
 
                     </list>
 
              </property>
 
       </bean>
   
   
    <import resource="spring/spring-mybatis.xml"/>
      <import resource="spring/spring-service.xml"/>
      <import resource="spring/spring-tx.xml"/>
      <import resource="spring/spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

指定配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2eehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
       <display-name>order-center</display-name>
   
    <!-- 配置字符编码处理Filter-->
       <filter>
        <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
   
      <!-- 配置SpringMVC前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
              <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
              <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
              <init-param>
                     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                     <param-value>classpath:ApplicationContext.xml</param-value>
              </init-param>
              <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 
       </servlet>
 
       <servlet-mapping>
              <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
              <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
       </servlet-mapping>
      
       <welcome-file-list>
              <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
       </welcome-file-list>
 
 
</web-app>

配置mybatis总控文件

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
 
   
    <typeAliases>
              <typeAlias type="com.pz.web.study.ssm.domain.TravelRoute"alias="TravelRoute" />
       </typeAliases>
      
       <mappers>
              <!--注册映射文件 -->
              <mapper resource="mapper/TravelRouteMapper.xml"/>
       </mappers>
      
 
</configuration>

配置spring整合mybatis的文件

spring-mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
        default-autowire="byName">
 
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource"class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
          destroy-method="close">
        <property name="url"value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username"value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password"value="${jdbc.password}" />
        <property name="driverClassName"value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
       <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
              <property name="initialSize"value="5" />
              <property name="minIdle"value="5" />
              <property name="maxActive"value="20" />
              <!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
              <property name="maxWait"value="3000" />
              <property name="useUnfairLock"value="true" />
              <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 -->
              <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis"value="5000" />
              <!--最小空闲时间 jed同事建议30s -->
              <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis"value="30000" />
              <property name="validationQuery"value="SELECT 1" />
              <property name="testWhileIdle"value="true" />
              <property name="testOnBorrow"value="false" />
              <property name="testOnReturn"value="false" />
              <!-- 打开PSCache,并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 -->
              <property name="poolPreparedStatements"value="false" />
              <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
                     value="0"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 让spring管理sqlsessionfactory使用mybatis和spring整合包中的 -->
    <bean id="mybatiSqlSessionFactory"class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource"ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- 加载mybatis的全局配置文件 -->
        <property name="configLocation"value="classpath:mybatis.xml" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 自动扫描 将Mapper接口生成代理对象 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName"value="mybatiSqlSessionFactory"/>
        <property name="basePackage"value="com.pz.web.study.ssm.dao" />
    </bean>
</beans>

配置spring-mvc相关文件

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
       default-autowire="byName">
 
       <!-- 自动扫描com.pz.web.study.springmvc.controller路径下的所有文件,并根据注解完成注入的工作 -->
       <context:component-scan base-package="com.pz.web.study.ssm。controller"></context:component-scan>
 
 
       <!-- 视图解析器 -->
       <bean
              class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
              <property name="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
              <property name="suffix"value=".jsp" />
       </bean>
 
 
 
       <!--配置类型转换器 -->
       <bean id="dateConverter"class="com.pz.web.study.ssm.util.SimpleDateConverter"/>
 
       <!--配置类型转换服务bean-->
       <bean id="conversionService"
              class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
              <property name="converters"ref="dateConverter" />
       </bean>
 
       <!--验证器 -->
       <bean id="hibernateValidator"
              class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean">
              <property name="providerClass"value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator"/>
       </bean>
 
 
 
       <!-- 让Spring启用对annotation的支持 -->
       <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"
              validator="hibernateValidator">
              <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
                     <bean
                            class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
                            <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                                   <list>
                                          <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                                          <value>application/json</value>
                                          <value>application/xml;charset=UTF-8</value>
                                   </list>
                            </property>
                            <property name="features">
                                   <list>
                                          <!-- 默认的意思就是不配置这个属性,配置了就不是默认了 -->
                                          <!-- 是否输出值为null的字段 ,默认是false -->
 
                                          <value>WriteMapNullValue</value>
 
                                          <value>WriteNullNumberAsZero</value>
                                          <value>WriteNullListAsEmpty</value>
                                          <value>WriteNullStringAsEmpty</value>
                                          <value>WriteNullBooleanAsFalse</value>
                                          <value>WriteDateUseDateFormat</value>
 
                                   </list>
                            </property>
                     </bean>
 
              </mvc:message-converters>
       </mvc:annotation-driven>
      
 
       <bean class="com.pz.web.study.ssm.util.MyHandleExceptionResolver"/>
 
 
       <bean id="multipartResolver"
              class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
              <!--设置字符编码防止文件名乱码 -->
              <property name="defaultEncoding"value="utf-8" />
              <!--设置上传文件的总大小,单位是字节b -->
              <property name="maxUploadSize"value="2048576" />
              <!--设置内存缓冲区的大小,当超过该值的时候会写入到临时目录 -->
              <property name="maxInMemorySize"value="2048576" />
              <!--设置临时目录 -->
              <property name="uploadTempDir"value="temp" />
              <!--是否使用懒加载,默认是false -->
              <property name="resolveLazily"value="true" />
       </bean>
 
 
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
 
 
 
</beans>

配置service层相关文件

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
       default-autowire="byName">
      
              <bean id="travelRouteService"class="com.pz.web.study.ssm.service.impl.TravelRouteServiceImpl"/>
 
 
</beans>

配置事务管理相关文件

spring-tx.xml

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
        default-autowire="byName">
 
    <!-- 事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource"ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 通知 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice"transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 传播行为 -->
            <tx:method name="save*"propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="insert*"propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="add*"propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="create*"propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="delete*"propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="update*"propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="find*"propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="select*"propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="get*"propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!-- 切面 -->
    <aop:config>
        <!--切入点必须是在service层-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
                     pointcut="execution(*com.pz.web.study.ssm.service.*.*(..))" />
    </aop:config>
</beans>

配置数据库

db.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/route?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

配置log4j

log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=trace,console
 
log4j.appender.console= org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.Target= System.out
log4j.appender.console.layout= org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p][%d{yyyy-MM-ddHH:mm:ss}]%m%n