mysql数据库基础命令（一）

用户与权限

创建用户

mysql>create user test identified by 'BaC321@#';

修改密码

##5.5版本及以前的命令

mysql>set password for test=passowrd('!1A@2#3');

##5.6及以上命令

mysql>update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('A1b2c3#!@') where user='test';

创建用户并授权

mysql>grant select,insert,update on student.* to test@localhost identified by 'A1b2c3#!@';

查看授权

mysql> show grants for test@localhost;

移除权限

mysql> revoke insert,update on student.* from test@localhost;

建库与表

创建库

mysql> create database student;
mysql> show databases;

创建表

mysql> use student;
mysql> create table T1 (name varchar(10) not null,sex varchar(10) not null);

##通过现有的表创建新表

mysql> create table T2 as select * from T1;

插入数据

mysql> insert into T1 values('zhang','man');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into T1 values('li','man');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into T1 values('wang','man');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into T1 values('zhao','women');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

##需要注意的是如果列超过两列，就需要指定列字段名如下

mysql> insert into T1(name,sex) values('gege','man');

查询数据

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
### 查看用户
mysql> select * from T1 where name like '%an%';
mysql> select * from T1 where age like '2%';

##匹配查询

mysql> select * from T1 order by name,age;

##查询排序

mysql> select count(*) as toaolcount from T1;
mysql> select sum(age) as sumvalue from T1;
mysql> select avg(age) as avgvalue from T1;
mysql> select max(age) from T1;

##查询值

mysql> select score from T1 where score <91;
mysql> select score from T1 where score >=91;
mysql> select * from T1 where score in (96,100);

##条件查询

mysql> select * from T2;
mysql> select * from T1;

增删更新

增加与删除列

mysql> alter table T1 add age int(4) not null;
mysql> alter table T1 drop age

更新表里的数据

mysql> update T1 set age=25 where name='zhang';
mysql> update T1 set age=23 where name='li';

删除数据

mysql> delete from T1 where age='22';

建索引与删除

mysql> create index indexT1 on T1(name(10));
mysql> drop index indexT1 on T1;

主键与视图

创建主键

mysql> alter table T1 add primary key(name);
mysql> desc T1;

创建与删除视图

mysql> create view t1view as select name from T1;
mysql> select * from t1view;

mysql> drop view t1view;
mysql> select * from t1view;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'student.t1view' doesn't exist