Docker配置1台Nginx+3台Tomcat做负载均衡

时间:2022-07-22
本文章向大家介绍Docker配置1台Nginx+3台Tomcat做负载均衡，主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项，具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友可以参考一下。

环境&结构

1台Nginx最新版本的Docker容器，3台Tomcat8的Docker容器

准备Docker环境

如果不是最新版的Docker的话，如果版本差别太大的话，可能会出问题，所以大家要把Docker升级到最新版，或者直接安装最新版。 可以参考：Centos7-Docker卸载旧的更新到新版本

拉取相应的镜像

准备镜像：

1、tomcat 
2、nginx

拉取相应的对象：

[root@zh ~]# docker pull tomcat:jdk8-adoptopenjdk-hotspot
[root@zh ~]# docker pull nginx:latest
[root@zh ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                         IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mysql               5.7.29                      d5cea958d330        40 hours ago        440MB
tomcat              jdk8-adoptopenjdk-hotspot   ae9ec2a81228        10 days ago         324MB
nginx               latest                      2073e0bcb60e        2 weeks ago         127MB
[root@zh ~]#

启动容器

启动Tomcat：

[root@zh ~]# docker run -d -p 8081:8080 --name myt1 --privileged=true ae9ec2a81228
[root@zh ~]# docker run -d -p 8082:8080 --name myt2 --privileged=true ae9ec2a81228
[root@zh ~]# docker run -d -p 8083:8080 --name myt3 --privileged=true ae9ec2a81228

正在运行的结果：

[root@zh ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
c33dde60b4ac        ae9ec2a81228        "catalina.sh run"        7 hours ago         Up 7 hours          0.0.0.0:8083->8080/tcp   myt3
9397416d13b0        ae9ec2a81228        "catalina.sh run"        7 hours ago         Up 7 hours          0.0.0.0:8082->8080/tcp   myt2
bf6b880e1398        ae9ec2a81228        "catalina.sh run"        7 hours ago         Up 7 hours          0.0.0.0:8081->8080/tcp   myt1
[root@zh ~]#

启动Nginx:

在启动之前呢有必要跟大家说一下：

因为后来咱们需要编辑nginx的配置文件，也为了后来咱们好看日志文件，咱们可以做一个配置文件的映射

首先呢，准备文件：

[root@zh ~]# mkdir /data/nginx/
[root@zh ~]# mkdir /data/nginx/conf/
[root@zh ~]# mkdir /data/nginx/logs/
[root@zh ~]# touch /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

然后我们先把配置文件nginx.conf配置好：

# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

"/data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" 68L, 1836C
# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        listen       [::]:80 default_server;
        server_name  182.254.161.54;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
        proxy_pass http://pic;
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

    upstream pic{
                server sdgzs.net:8081 weight=5;
                server sdgzs.net:8082 weight=5;
                server sdgzs.net:8083 weight=5;
    }

}

重点是修改：

upstream pic{
        server ip:port weight=5;
        server ip:port weight=5;
        server ip:port weight=5;
}

如果不知道ip的话，可以利用下面的命令查看：

查看所有的ip地址

[root@zh ~]# docker inspect $(docker ps -qa) | grep IPAddress  
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "",
                    "IPAddress": "",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "",
                    "IPAddress": "",
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@zh ~]# docker inspect $(docker ps -qa) | grep Name
        "Name": "/myng3",
                "Name": "no",
            "Name": "overlay2"
        "Name": "/myng1",
                "Name": "no",
            "Name": "overlay2"
        "Name": "/myt3",
                "Name": "no",
            "Name": "overlay2"
        "Name": "/myt2",
                "Name": "no",
            "Name": "overlay2"
        "Name": "/myt1",
                "Name": "no",
            "Name": "overlay2"
        "Name": "/vigilant_lamarr",
                "Name": "no",
            "Name": "overlay2"
[root@zh ~]#

启动nginx

[root@zh ~]# docker run --name myng3 -d -p 8889:80 -v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /data/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx -d 2073e0bcb60e

把准备好的war包拷贝到tomcat容器下的webapps目录下:

[root@zh ~]# docker cp ~/test.war myt1:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
[root@zh ~]# docker cp ~/test.war myt2:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
[root@zh ~]# docker cp ~/test.war myt3:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/

注意：test.war是我创建的一个javaweb的项目，利用maven然后打包成

测试结果

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