Flutter Widgets 之 PageView

时间:2022-07-24
本文章向大家介绍Flutter Widgets 之 PageView,主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项,具有一定的参考价值,需要的朋友可以参考一下。

一枚

有态度

的程序员

注意:无特殊说明,Flutter版本及Dart版本如下:

  • Flutter版本:1.12.13+hotfix.5
  • Dart版本:2.7.0

基础用法

PageView控件可以实现一个“图片轮播”的效果,PageView不仅可以水平滑动也可以垂直滑动,简单用法如下:

PageView(
    children: <Widget>[
        MyPage1(),
        MyPage2(),
        MyPage3(),
    ],
)

PageView滚动方向默认是水平,可以设置其为垂直方向:

PageView(
    scrollDirection: Axis.vertical,
    ...
)

PageView配合PageController可以实现非常酷炫的效果,控制每一个Page不占满,

PageView(
    controller: PageController(
        viewportFraction: 0.9,
    ),
    ...
)

PageController中属性initialPage表示当前加载第几页,默认第一页。

onPageChanged属性是页面发生变化时的回调,用法如下:

PageView(
    onPageChanged: (int index){
    },
    ...
)

无限滚动

PageView滚动到最后时希望滚动到第一个页面,这样看起来PageView是无限滚动的:

List<Widget> pageList = [PageView1(), PageView2(), PageView3()];

PageView.builder(
    itemCount: 10000,
    itemBuilder: (context, index) {
        return pageList[index % (pageList.length)];
    },
)

巧妙的利用取余(%)重复构建页面实现PageView无限滚动的效果:

实现指示器

指示器显示总数和当前位置,通过onPageChanged确定当前页数并更新指示器。

List<String> pageList = ['PageView1', 'PageView2', 'PageView3'];
  int _currentPageIndex = 0;

  _buildPageView() {
    return Center(
      child: Container(
        height: 230,
        child: Stack(
          children: <Widget>[
            PageView.builder(
              onPageChanged: (int index) {
                setState(() {
                  _currentPageIndex = index % (pageList.length);
                });
              },
              itemCount: 10000,
              itemBuilder: (context, index) {
                return _buildPageViewItem(pageList[index % (pageList.length)]);
              },
            ),
            Positioned(
              bottom: 10,
              left: 0,
              right: 0,
              child: Container(
                child: Row(
                  mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
                  children: List.generate(pageList.length, (i) {
                    return Container(
                      margin: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 5),
                      width: 10,
                      height: 10,
                      decoration: BoxDecoration(
                          shape: BoxShape.circle,
                          color: _currentPageIndex == i
                              ? Colors.blue
                              : Colors.grey),
                    );
                  }).toList(),
                ),
              ),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }

  _buildPageViewItem(String txt, {Color color = Colors.red}) {
    return Container(
      color: color,
      alignment: Alignment.center,
      child: Text(
        txt,
        style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontSize: 28),
      ),
    );
  }

效果如下:

切换动画

如此常见的切换效果显然不能体验我们独特的个性,我们需要更炫酷的方式,看下面的效果:

在滑出的时候当前页面逐渐缩小并居中,通过给PageController添加监听获取当前滑动的进度:

_pageController.addListener(() {
      setState(() {
        _currPageValue = _pageController.page;
      });
    });

通过当前的进度计算各个页面的缩放系数及平移系数,通过 判断当前构建的是哪个页面

if (index == _currPageValue.floor()) {
      //当前的item
      var currScale = 1 - (_currPageValue - index) * (1 - _scaleFactor);

    } else if (index == _currPageValue.floor() + 1) {
      //右边的item

    } else if (index == _currPageValue.floor() - 1) {
      //左边

    } else {
      //其他,不在屏幕显示的item

    }

通过对这几种类型的页面的缩放和平移达到我们想要的效果。

完整代码:

class ViewPage extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  State<StatefulWidget> createState() => _ViewPageState();
}

class _ViewPageState extends State<ViewPage> {
  var imgList = [
    'https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFvXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=2877516247,37083492&fm=26&gp=0.jpg',
    'https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1582796218195&di=04ce93c4ac826e19067e71f916cec5d8&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Fhbimg.b0.upaiyun.com%2F344fda8b47808261c946c81645bff489c008326f15140-koiNr3_fw658'
  ];
  PageController _pageController;

  var _currPageValue = 0.0;

  //缩放系数
  double _scaleFactor = .8;

  //view page height
  double _height = 230.0;

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _pageController = PageController(viewportFraction: 0.9);
    _pageController.addListener(() {
      setState(() {
        _currPageValue = _pageController.page;
      });
    });
  }

  @override
  void dispose() {
    super.dispose();
    _pageController.dispose();
  }
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
        height: _height,
        child: PageView.builder(
          itemBuilder: (context, index) => _buildPageItem(index),
          itemCount: 10,
          controller: _pageController,
        ));
  }

  _buildPageItem(int index) {
    Matrix4 matrix4 = Matrix4.identity();
    if (index == _currPageValue.floor()) {
      //当前的item
      var currScale = 1 - (_currPageValue - index) * (1 - _scaleFactor);
      var currTrans = _height * (1 - currScale) / 2;

      matrix4 = Matrix4.diagonal3Values(1.0, currScale, 1.0)
        ..setTranslationRaw(0.0, currTrans, 0.0);
    } else if (index == _currPageValue.floor() + 1) {
      //右边的item
      var currScale =
          _scaleFactor + (_currPageValue - index + 1) * (1 - _scaleFactor);
      var currTrans = _height * (1 - currScale) / 2;

      matrix4 = Matrix4.diagonal3Values(1.0, currScale, 1.0)
        ..setTranslationRaw(0.0, currTrans, 0.0);
    } else if (index == _currPageValue.floor() - 1) {
      //左边
      var currScale = 1 - (_currPageValue - index) * (1 - _scaleFactor);
      var currTrans = _height * (1 - currScale) / 2;

      matrix4 = Matrix4.diagonal3Values(1.0, currScale, 1.0)
        ..setTranslationRaw(0.0, currTrans, 0.0);
    } else {
      //其他,不在屏幕显示的item
      matrix4 = Matrix4.diagonal3Values(1.0, _scaleFactor, 1.0)
        ..setTranslationRaw(0.0, _height * (1 - _scaleFactor) / 2, 0.0);
    }

    return Transform(
      transform: matrix4,
      child: Padding(
        padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 10),
        child: Container(
          decoration: BoxDecoration(
            borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(12),
            image: DecorationImage(
                image: NetworkImage(imgList[index % 2]), fit: BoxFit.fill),
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

推荐几款Github上带动画效果的PageView

Travel Cards

  • https://github.com/gskinnerTeam/flutter_vignettes/tree/master/vignettes/parallax_travel_cards_list

Mindfullness Gooey Transition

  • https://github.com/gskinnerTeam/flutter_vignettes/tree/master/vignettes/gooey_edge

page-transformer

  • https://github.com/roughike/page-transformer

transformer_page_view

  • https://github.com/best-flutter/transformer_page_view

smooth_page_indicator

  • https://github.com/Milad-Akarie/smooth_page_indicator