springclound快速入门

时间:2022-06-17
本文章向大家介绍springclound快速入门，主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项，具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友可以参考一下。

一、开始使用springcloud实战微服务

1.工具及软件版本选择

jdk 1.8
springboot 1.5.9
springcloud  edgware
springtool suite ／ idea
maven 3.5.0

2.服务提供者与服务消费者

3.编写服务提供者

1.创建maven项目 2.pom.xml 文件内容如下

	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
	<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
		xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
		<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	
		<groupId>com.qy</groupId>
		<artifactId>cloud01</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		<packaging>jar</packaging>
		<!-- 引入spring boot的依赖 -->
		<parent>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
			<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
		</parent>
	
		<properties>
			<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
			<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		</properties>
	
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
			</dependency>
			<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>mysql</groupId>
				<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
				<scope>runtime</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	
		<!-- 引入spring cloud的依赖 -->
		<dependencyManagement>
			<dependencies>
				<dependency>
					<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
					<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
					<version>Edgware.RELEASE</version>
					<type>pom</type>
					<scope>import</scope>
				</dependency>
			</dependencies>
		</dependencyManagement>
	
		<!-- 添加spring-boot的maven插件 -->
		<build>
			<plugins>
				<plugin>
					<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
					<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				</plugin>
			</plugins>
		</build>
	</project>

3.创建实体类

@Entity
	public class User {
	  @Id
	  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	  private Long id;
	  @Column
	  private String username;
	  @Column
	  private String name;
	  @Column
	  private Integer age;
	  @Column
	  private BigDecimal balance;
	
	  public Long getId() {
	    return this.id;
	  }
	
	  public void setId(Long id) {
	    this.id = id;
	  }
	
	  public String getUsername() {
	    return this.username;
	  }
	
	  public void setUsername(String username) {
	    this.username = username;
	  }
	
	  public String getName() {
	    return this.name;
	  }
	
	  public void setName(String name) {
	    this.name = name;
	  }
	
	  public Integer getAge() {
	    return this.age;
	  }
	
	  public void setAge(Integer age) {
	    this.age = age;
	  }
	
	  public BigDecimal getBalance() {
	    return this.balance;
	  }
	
	  public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {
	    this.balance = balance;
	  }
	
	}

4.创建dao

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
	import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
	
	@Repository
	public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
	}

5.创建controller

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
	import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
	import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
	import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
	
	@RestController
	public class UserController {
		  @Autowired
		  private UserRepository userRepository;
		
		  @GetMapping("/{id}")
		  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
			    User findOne = this.userRepository.findOne(id);
			    System.out.println(id+"***********");
			    return findOne;
		  }
	}

6.编写启动类

@SpringBootApplication
	public class Cloud01Application {
	
		public static void main(String[] args) {
			SpringApplication.run(Cloud01Application.class, args);
		}
	}

7.编写配置文件application.yml

server:
	 	  port: 8000
	spring:
		  jpa:
		    generate-ddl: false
		    show-sql: true
		  datasource:    # 指定数据源
		      #配置数据库的路径
		      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/java1807?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=true
		      #数据库登录名
		      username: root
		      #登陆密码
		      password: hnqy
		      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

8.测试

http://localhost:8000/1


备注：对应的sql代码如下：
	drop table user if exists user;
	
	create table user 
	(
		id int AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY ,
		username varchar(40), 
		name varchar(20),
		age int(3),
		balance decimal(10,2)
	);
	
	insert into user (id, username, name, age, balance) values (1, 'account1', '张三', 20, 100.00);
	
	insert into user (id, username, name, age, balance) values (2, 'account2', '李四', 28, 180.00);
	
	insert into user (id, username, name, age, balance) values (3, 'account3', '王五', 32, 280.00);

4.编写服务消费者

1.创建maven项目 2.pom.xml 文件内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
	<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
		xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
		<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	
		<groupId>com.qy</groupId>
		<artifactId>cloud01</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		<packaging>jar</packaging>
		<!-- 引入spring boot的依赖 -->
		<parent>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
			<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
		</parent>
	
		<properties>
			<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
			<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		</properties>
	
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
			</dependency>
			
		</dependencies>
	
		<!-- 引入spring cloud的依赖 -->
		<dependencyManagement>
			<dependencies>
				<dependency>
					<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
					<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
					<version>Edgware.RELEASE</version>
					<type>pom</type>
					<scope>import</scope>
				</dependency>
			</dependencies>
		</dependencyManagement>
	
		<!-- 添加spring-boot的maven插件 -->
		<build>
			<plugins>
				<plugin>
					<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
					<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				</plugin>
			</plugins>
		</build>
	</project>

3.创建实体类

public class User {
		private Long id;
		private String username;
		private String name;
		private Integer age;
		private BigDecimal balance;
		//省略getter setter，写的时候自己加上
	}

4.无需创建dao

5.创建controller

@RestController
	public class MovieController {
	  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MovieController.class);
	  @Autowired
	  private RestTemplate restTemplate;
	  @GetMapping("/user/{id}")
	  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
	    //return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://cloud/" + id, User.class);
	    return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8000/" + id, User.class);
	  }
	}

6.编写启动类

@SpringBootApplication
	public class SpringCustomerApplication {
		@Bean
		public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
			return new RestTemplate();
		}
		public static void main(String[] args) {
			SpringApplication.run(SpringCustomerApplication.class, args);
		}
	}

7.编写配置文件application.yml

	server:
	  port: 8010
	spring:
	  application:
	      name: spring-customer
	user:
	  userServiceUrl: http://localhost:8000/

8.测试

http://localhost:8010/user/1

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