连仕彤博客[Python笔记] IPython使用技巧

 
In [1]: ? 
 
IPython -- An enhanced Interactive Python
=========================================
 
IPython offers a fully compatible replacement for the standard Python
interpreter, with convenient shell features, special commands, command
history mechanism and output results caching.
 
At your system command line, type 'ipython -h' to see the command line
options available. This document only describes interactive features.
 
GETTING HELP
------------
 
Within IPython you have various way to access help:
 
  ?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features (this screen).
  object?   -> Details about 'object'.
  object??  -> More detailed, verbose information about 'object'.
  %quickref -> Quick reference of all IPython specific syntax and magics.
  help      -> Access Python's own help system.
 
If you are in terminal IPython you can quit this screen by pressing `q`.
 
 
MAIN FEATURES
-------------
 
* Access to the standard Python help with object docstrings and the Python
  manuals. Simply type 'help' (no quotes) to invoke it.
 
* Magic commands: type %magic for information on the magic subsystem.
 
* System command aliases, via the %alias command or the configuration file(s).
 
* Dynamic object information:
 
  Typing ?word or word? prints detailed information about an object. Certain

 
In [3]: import os
 
In [4]: help(os)
Help on module os:
 
NAME
    os - OS routines for NT or Posix depending on what system we're on.
 
MODULE REFERENCE
    https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/os
    
    The following documentation is automatically generated from the Python
    source files.  It may be incomplete, incorrect or include features that
    are considered implementation detail and may vary between Python
    implementations.  When in doubt, consult the module reference at the
    location listed above.
 
DESCRIPTION
    This exports:
      - all functions from posix, nt or ce, e.g. unlink, stat, etc.
      - os.path is either posixpath or ntpath
      - os.name is either 'posix', 'nt' or 'ce'.
      - os.curdir is a string representing the current directory ('.' or ':')
      - os.pardir is a string representing the parent directory ('..' or '::')
      - os.sep is the (or a most common) pathname separator ('/' or ':' or '\')
      - os.extsep is the extension separator (always '.')
      - os.altsep is the alternate pathname separator (None or '/')
      - os.pathsep is the component separator used in $PATH etc
      - os.linesep is the line separator in text files ('r' or 'n' or 'rn')
      - os.defpath is the default search path for executables
      - os.devnull is the file path of the null device ('/dev/null', etc.)

 
In [7]: a?
Type:        int
String form: 100
Docstring:  
int(x=0) -> integer
int(x, base=10) -> integer
 
Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
are given.  If x is a number, return x.__int__().  For floating point
numbers, this truncates towards zero.
 
If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string,
bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the
given base.  The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded
by whitespace.  The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.
Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
>>> int('0b100', base=0)
4

 
In [8]: a??
Type:        int
String form: 100
Docstring:  
int(x=0) -> integer
int(x, base=10) -> integer
 
Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
are given.  If x is a number, return x.__int__().  For floating point
numbers, this truncates towards zero.
 
If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string,
bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the
given base.  The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded
by whitespace.  The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.
Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
>>> int('0b100', base=0)
4

 
In [15]: b = 1000
 
In [16]: type(b)
Out[16]: int
 
In [17]: _
Out[17]: int

 
In [15]: b = 1000
 
In [16]: type(b)
Out[16]: int
 
In [17]: _
Out[17]: int
 
In [18]: c = "i love python"
 
In [19]: print(c)
i love python
 
In [20]: __
Out[20]: int

 
 
In [15]: b = 1000
 
In [16]: type(b)
Out[16]: int
 
In [17]: _
Out[17]: int
 
In [18]: c = "i love python"
 
In [19]: print(c)
i love python
 
In [20]: __
Out[20]: int
 
In [21]: d = "hello ipython"
 
In [22]: print(d)
hello ipython
 
In [23]: ___
Out[23]: int

 
In [24]: _dh
Out[24]: ['/home/python/jjedu/projects/cmdb']

 
In [25]: _oh
Out[25]: 
{5: module,
 10: module,
 11: module,
 14: module,
 16: int,
 17: int,
 20: int,
 23: int,
 24: ['/home/python/jjedu/projects/cmdb']}

 
In [27]: !pwd
/home/python/jijiedu/projects/cmdb
 
In [28]: !free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            992         654          64           0         273         182
Swap:             0           0           0

 
In [30]: alias ll ls -l
 
In [31]: ll
total 38216
-rw------- 1 python python   242133 Apr 16 15:33 nohup.out
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python     2967 Mar 31 13:38 九九乘法表.ipynb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python     2281 Apr  9 13:24 冒泡法.ipynb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python     4395 Apr  3 16:40 列表.ipynb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python     3474 Apr 10 10:19 字符串.ipynb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python     4568 Mar 31 13:46 打印闪电_菱形_乘法表.ipynb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python    29439 Apr 12 17:15 批量替换字符串中的字符.ipynb

 
In [32]: %cd /data
/data
 
In [33]: _dh
Out[33]: ['/home/python/jijiedu/projects/cmdb', '/data']

 
In [34]: %pwd
Out[34]: '/data'

 
In [37]: %ls
nohup.out         列表.ipynb                  批量替换字符串中的字符.ipynb  猴子吃桃问题讲解_100以内斐波那契数列.ipynb