Ruby编程实践

命令

• 常量大写
• 类名和模块名首字母大写，驼峰法，MyClass,Person
• 方法名小写，ruby中末尾添加符号特殊含义：destroyMethod!表示这个方法具有破坏性；isPrime?表示返回bool类型
• 变量、参数小写

空格和括号，保证可读性

• ,、;紧跟，后面加空格
• 操作副前后加空格
• 一元操作符不加空格
• [] . :: 前后不加空格

return

ruby最后一行如果是表达式，则自动返回；如果不是，则不返回

注释

• #单行注释
• =begin ... =end 多行注释

继承

attr_writer:val attr_reader:val attr_accessor:val 实现变量的getter setter

class Person
def initialize(name,age=18)
    @name = name
    @age = age
    @motherland = "China"
end # initialize method
def talk
    puts "my name is "+@name+" ,age is "+@age.to_s
    if @motherland == "China"
        puts "I am a Chinese"
    else
        puts "I am a foreigner"
    end
end # talk method
attr_writer:motherland
# attr_reader:motherland
end
p1 = Person.new("zhaosi",40)
p1.talk
p2 = Person.new("songxiaobao")
p2.motherland = "ABC"
p2.talk
# p2.motherland #open attr_reader:motherland


class Student<Person
def talk
    puts "I am a student. my name is "+@name+" ,age is "+@age.to_s
end
end

p3 = Student.new("xiaoshenyang",38)
p3.talk
p4 = Student.new("Ben")
p4.talk

Ruby动态性

在运行中添加、修改、移除方法

class Person
    def talk
        puts "I am worker"
    end
end
p1 = Person.new
p1.talk

class Person
    def talk
        puts "I am #@stu"
    end
attr_accessor:stu
end
p2 = Person.new
p2.stu = "Student"
p2.talk

class Person
undef:talk
end
p3 = Person.new
p3.talk