分布式系统唯一ID生成方案汇总

/// <summary>
/// 根据GUID获取唯一数字序列
/// </summary>
public static long GuidToInt64()
{
    byte[] bytes = Guid.NewGuid().ToByteArray();
    return BitConverter.ToInt64(bytes, 0);
}

/// <summary> 
/// Generate a new <see cref="Guid"/> using the comb algorithm. 
/// </summary> 
private Guid GenerateComb()
{
    byte[] guidArray = Guid.NewGuid().ToByteArray();
 
    DateTime baseDate = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1);
    DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
 
    // Get the days and milliseconds which will be used to build    
    //the byte string    
    TimeSpan days = new TimeSpan(now.Ticks - baseDate.Ticks);
    TimeSpan msecs = now.TimeOfDay;
 
    // Convert to a byte array        
    // Note that SQL Server is accurate to 1/300th of a    
    // millisecond so we divide by 3.333333    
    byte[] daysArray = BitConverter.GetBytes(days.Days);
    byte[] msecsArray = BitConverter.GetBytes((long)
      (msecs.TotalMilliseconds / 3.333333));
 
    // Reverse the bytes to match SQL Servers ordering    
    Array.Reverse(daysArray);
    Array.Reverse(msecsArray);
 
    // Copy the bytes into the guid    
    Array.Copy(daysArray, daysArray.Length - 2, guidArray,
      guidArray.Length - 6, 2);
    Array.Copy(msecsArray, msecsArray.Length - 4, guidArray,
      guidArray.Length - 4, 4);
 
    return new Guid(guidArray);
}

/// <summary>
    /// From: https://github.com/twitter/snowflake
    /// An object that generates IDs.
    /// This is broken into a separate class in case
    /// we ever want to support multiple worker threads
    /// per process
    /// </summary>
    public class IdWorker
    {
        private long workerId;
        private long datacenterId;
        private long sequence = 0L;

        private static long twepoch = 1288834974657L;

        private static long workerIdBits = 5L;
        private static long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
        private static long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << (int)workerIdBits);
        private static long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << (int)datacenterIdBits);
        private static long sequenceBits = 12L;

        private long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
        private long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
        private long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;
        private long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << (int)sequenceBits);

        private long lastTimestamp = -1L;
        private static object syncRoot = new object();

        public IdWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId)
        {

            // sanity check for workerId
            if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(string.Format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
            }
            if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(string.Format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
            }
            this.workerId = workerId;
            this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
        }

        public long nextId()
        {
            lock (syncRoot)
            {
                long timestamp = timeGen();

                if (timestamp < lastTimestamp)
                {
                    throw new ApplicationException(string.Format("Clock moved backwards.  Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
                }

                if (lastTimestamp == timestamp)
                {
                    sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
                    if (sequence == 0)
                    {
                        timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    sequence = 0L;
                }

                lastTimestamp = timestamp;

                return ((timestamp - twepoch) << (int)timestampLeftShift) | (datacenterId << (int)datacenterIdShift) | (workerId << (int)workerIdShift) | sequence;
            }
        }

        protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp)
        {
            long timestamp = timeGen();
            while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp)
            {
                timestamp = timeGen();
            }
            return timestamp;
        }

        protected long timeGen()
        {
            return (long)(DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc)).TotalMilliseconds;
        }
    }

private static void TestIdWorker()
        {
            HashSet<long> set = new HashSet<long>();
            IdWorker idWorker1 = new IdWorker(0, 0);
            IdWorker idWorker2 = new IdWorker(1, 0);
            Thread t1 = new Thread(() => DoTestIdWoker(idWorker1, set));
            Thread t2 = new Thread(() => DoTestIdWoker(idWorker2, set));
            t1.IsBackground = true;
            t2.IsBackground = true;

            t1.Start();
            t2.Start();
            try
            {
                Thread.Sleep(30000);
                t1.Abort();
                t2.Abort();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
            }

            Console.WriteLine("done");
        }

        private static void DoTestIdWoker(IdWorker idWorker, HashSet<long> set)
        {
            while (true)
            {
                long id = idWorker.nextId();
                if (!set.Add(id))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("duplicate:" + id);
                }

                Thread.Sleep(1);
            }
        }