zookeeper curator使用caches实现各种监听

时间:2022-05-02
本文章向大家介绍zookeeper curator使用caches实现各种监听，主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项，具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友可以参考一下。

1、篇首语

curator是zookeeper的一个高级api开发包。封装了zookeeper众多的recipes，并且实现了一些新的recipes原语，最重要的是基于zookeeper提供的各种机制实现了更健壮的连接和异常处理。

本文将其中比较常用的一种recipe，就是cache。

2、各种Caches

cache是一种缓存机制，可以借助cache实现监听。

简单来说，cache在客户端缓存了znode的各种状态，当感知到zk集群的znode状态变化，会触发event事件，注册的监听器会处理这些事件。是不是很简单。

curator支持的cache种类有3种Path Cache，Node Cache，Tree Cache

1）Path Cache

Path Cache用来观察ZNode的子节点并缓存状态，如果ZNode的子节点被创建，更新或者删除，那么Path Cache会更新缓存，并且触发事件给注册的监听器。

Path Cache是通过PathChildrenCache类来实现的，监听器注册是通过PathChildrenCacheListener。

2）Node Cache

Node Cache用来观察ZNode自身，如果ZNode节点本身被创建，更新或者删除，那么Node Cache会更新缓存，并触发事件给注册的监听器。

Node Cache是通过NodeCache类来实现的，监听器对应的接口为NodeCacheListener。

3）Tree Cache

可以看做是上两种的合体，Tree Cache观察的是所有节点的所有数据。

3、下面给出一个例子。

1）这是在springboot中使用curator，先给出curator依赖pom

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.1</version>
        </dependency>

2）三种cache的实现

package com.dqa.prometheus.client.zookeeper;

import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.*;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCache.StartMode;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.curator.utils.CloseableUtils;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ZkClient {
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    private CuratorFramework client;
    private NodeCache nodeCache;
    private PathChildrenCache pathChildrenCache;
    private TreeCache treeCache;
    private String zookeeperServer;
    private int sessionTimeoutMs;
    private int connectionTimeoutMs;
    private int baseSleepTimeMs;
    private int maxRetries;

    public void setZookeeperServer(String zookeeperServer) {
        this.zookeeperServer = zookeeperServer;
    }
    public String getZookeeperServer() {
        return zookeeperServer;
    }
    public void setSessionTimeoutMs(int sessionTimeoutMs) {
        this.sessionTimeoutMs = sessionTimeoutMs;
    }
    public int getSessionTimeoutMs() {
        return sessionTimeoutMs;
    }
    public void setConnectionTimeoutMs(int connectionTimeoutMs) {
        this.connectionTimeoutMs = connectionTimeoutMs;
    }
    public int getConnectionTimeoutMs() {
        return connectionTimeoutMs;
    }
    public void setBaseSleepTimeMs(int baseSleepTimeMs) {
        this.baseSleepTimeMs = baseSleepTimeMs;
    }
    public int getBaseSleepTimeMs() {
        return baseSleepTimeMs;
    }
    public void setMaxRetries(int maxRetries) {
        this.maxRetries = maxRetries;
    }
    public int getMaxRetries() {
        return maxRetries;
    }

    public void init() {
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(baseSleepTimeMs, maxRetries);
        client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder().connectString(zookeeperServer).retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
                .sessionTimeoutMs(sessionTimeoutMs).connectionTimeoutMs(connectionTimeoutMs).build();
        client.start();
    }

    public void stop() {
        if (client != null) CloseableUtils.closeQuietly(client);
        if (pathChildrenCache != null) CloseableUtils.closeQuietly(pathChildrenCache);
        if (nodeCache != null) CloseableUtils.closeQuietly(nodeCache);
        if (treeCache != null) CloseableUtils.closeQuietly(treeCache);
    }

    public CuratorFramework getClient() {
        return client;
    }

    /*
    *  设置Path Cache, 监控本节点的子节点被创建,更新或者删除，注意是子节点, 子节点下的子节点不能递归监控
    *  事件类型有3个, 可以根据不同的动作触发不同的动作
    *  本例子只是演示, 所以只是打印了状态改变的信息, 并没有在PathChildrenCacheListener中实现复杂的逻辑
    *  @Param path 监控的节点路径, cacheData 是否缓存data
    *  可重入监听
    * */
    public void setPathCacheListener(String path, boolean cacheData) {
        try {
            pathChildrenCache = new PathChildrenCache(client, path, cacheData);
            PathChildrenCacheListener childrenCacheListener = new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
                @Override
                public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) {
                    ChildData data = event.getData();
                    switch (event.getType()) {
                        case CHILD_ADDED:
                            logger.info("子节点增加, path={}, data={}", data.getPath(), data.getData());
                            break;
                        case CHILD_UPDATED:
                            logger.info("子节点更新, path={}, data={}", data.getPath(), data.getData());
                            break;
                        case CHILD_REMOVED:
                            logger.info("子节点删除, path={}, data={}", data.getPath(), data.getData());
                            break;
                        default:
                            break;
                    }
                }
            };
            pathChildrenCache.getListenable().addListener(childrenCacheListener);
            pathChildrenCache.start(StartMode.POST_INITIALIZED_EVENT);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("PathCache监听失败, path=", path);
        }

    }

    /*
    *  设置Node Cache, 监控本节点的新增,删除,更新
    *  节点的update可以监控到, 如果删除会自动再次创建空节点
    *  本例子只是演示, 所以只是打印了状态改变的信息, 并没有在NodeCacheListener中实现复杂的逻辑
    *  @Param path 监控的节点路径, dataIsCompressed 数据是否压缩
    *  不可重入监听
    * */
    public void setNodeCacheListener(String path, boolean dataIsCompressed) {
        try {
            nodeCache = new NodeCache(client, path, dataIsCompressed);
            NodeCacheListener nodeCacheListener = new NodeCacheListener() {
                @Override
                public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
                    ChildData childData = nodeCache.getCurrentData();
                    logger.info("ZNode节点状态改变, path={}", childData.getPath());
                    logger.info("ZNode节点状态改变, data={}", childData.getData());
                    logger.info("ZNode节点状态改变, stat={}", childData.getStat());
                }
            };
            nodeCache.getListenable().addListener(nodeCacheListener);
            nodeCache.start();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("创建NodeCache监听失败, path={}", path);
        }
    }


    /*
    *  设置Tree Cache, 监控本节点的新增,删除,更新
    *  节点的update可以监控到, 如果删除不会自动再次创建
    *  本例子只是演示, 所以只是打印了状态改变的信息, 并没有在NodeCacheListener中实现复杂的逻辑
    *  @Param path 监控的节点路径, dataIsCompressed 数据是否压缩
    *  可重入监听
    * */
    public void setTreeCacheListener(final String path) {
        try {
            treeCache = new TreeCache(client, path);
            TreeCacheListener treeCacheListener = new TreeCacheListener() {
                @Override
                public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, TreeCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
                    ChildData data = event.getData();
                    if(data != null){
                        switch (event.getType()) {
                            case NODE_ADDED:
                                logger.info("[TreeCache]节点增加, path={}, data={}", data.getPath(), data.getData());
                                break;
                            case NODE_UPDATED:
                                logger.info("[TreeCache]节点更新, path={}, data={}", data.getPath(), data.getData());
                                break;
                            case NODE_REMOVED:
                                logger.info("[TreeCache]节点删除, path={}, data={}", data.getPath(), data.getData());
                                break;
                            default:
                                break;
                        }
                    }else{
                        logger.info("[TreeCache]节点数据为空, path={}", data.getPath());
                    }
                }
            };
            treeCache.getListenable().addListener(treeCacheListener);
            treeCache.start();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("创建TreeCache监听失败, path={}", path);
        }

    }
}

3）configuration

init方法是初始化zookeeper client的操作

stop是停止zookeeper是的清理动作

package com.dqa.prometheus.configuration;

import com.xiaoju.dqa.prometheus.client.zookeeper.ZkClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class ZkConfiguration {

    @Value("${zookeeper.server}")
    private String zookeeperServer;
    @Value(("${zookeeper.sessionTimeoutMs}"))
    private int sessionTimeoutMs;
    @Value("${zookeeper.connectionTimeoutMs}")
    private int connectionTimeoutMs;
    @Value("${zookeeper.maxRetries}")
    private int maxRetries;
    @Value("${zookeeper.baseSleepTimeMs}")
    private int baseSleepTimeMs;

    @Bean(initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "stop")
    public ZkClient zkClient() {
        ZkClient zkClient = new ZkClient();
        zkClient.setZookeeperServer(zookeeperServer);
        zkClient.setSessionTimeoutMs(sessionTimeoutMs);
        zkClient.setConnectionTimeoutMs(connectionTimeoutMs);
        zkClient.setMaxRetries(maxRetries);
        zkClient.setBaseSleepTimeMs(baseSleepTimeMs);
        return zkClient;
    }

}

 3）zk配置文件

其中最重要的应该是会话超时和重试机制了。

============== zookeeper ===================
zookeeper.server=10.93.21.21:2181,10.93.18.34:2181,10.93.18.35:2181
zookeeper.sessionTimeoutMs=6000
zookeeper.connectionTimeoutMs=6000
zookeeper.maxRetries=3
zookeeper.baseSleepTimeMs=1000

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