excel导入与导出 - 码农教程

基本上导出的文件分为两种： 1：类Excel格式，这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件，只是因为Excel的兼容能力强，能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存，通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。优点：简单。缺点：难以生成格式，如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。 2：Excel格式，与类Excel相对应，这种方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。

如果导出中文时出现乱码，可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312，例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312: $yourStr = mb_convert_encoding(”gb2312″, “UTF-8″, $yourStr);

下面详细列举几种方法。一、PHP导出Excel

1：第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel 导入导出都成，可以导出office2007格式，同时兼容2003。下载下来的包中有文档和例子，大家可以自行研究。抄段例子出来：

PHP代码 <?php /** * PHPExcel * * Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA * * @category PHPExcel * @package PHPExcel * @copyright Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel) * @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt LGPL * @version 1.5.0, 2007-10-23 */ /** Error reporting */ error_reporting(E_ALL); /** Include path **/ set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . ‘../Classes/’); /** PHPExcel */ include ‘PHPExcel.php’; /** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */ include ‘PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php’; // Create new PHPExcel object echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Create new PHPExcel objectn”; $objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel(); // Set properties echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Set propertiesn”; $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator(”Maarten Balliauw”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy(”Maarten Balliauw”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption(”Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords(”office 2007 openxml php”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory(”Test result file”); // Add some data echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Add some datan”; $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’A1′, ‘Hello’); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’B2′, ‘world!’); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’C1′, ‘Hello’); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’D2′, ‘world!’); // Rename sheet echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Rename sheetn”; $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(’Simple’); // Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); // Save Excel 2007 file echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Write to Excel2007 formatn”; $objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel); $objWriter->save(str_replace(’.php’, ‘.xlsx’, __FILE__)); // Echo done echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Done writing file.rn”;

2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类下载地址： http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer 此类依赖于OLE,下载地址：http://pear.php.net/package/OLE 需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老，修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。不过可以设定格式，很强大。

PHP代码 <?php require_once ‘Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php’; // Creating a workbook $workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer(); // sending HTTP headers $workbook->send(’test.xls’); // Creating a worksheet $worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet(’My first worksheet’); // The actual data $worksheet->write(0, 0, ‘Name’); $worksheet->write(0, 1, ‘Age’); $worksheet->write(1, 0, ‘John Smith’); $worksheet->write(1, 1, 30); $worksheet->write(2, 0, ‘Johann Schmidt’); $worksheet->write(2, 1, 31); $worksheet->write(3, 0, ‘Juan Herrera’); $worksheet->write(3, 1, 32); // Let’s send the file $workbook->close(); ?>

3:利用smarty，生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件支持格式，非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件，如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。详细内容请见rardge大侠的帖子：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757

需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时，最好在模板中把”ss:ExpandedColumnCount=”5″ ss:ExpandedRowCount=”21″”之类的东西删掉。

4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号，这种更接近于Excel标准格式，用office2003修改后保存，还不会弹出提示，推荐用这种方法。缺点是无格式。


<?php   
// Send Header   
header(”Pragma: public”);   
header(”Expires: 0″);   
header(”Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);   
header(”Content-Type: application/force-download”);   
header(”Content-Type: application/octet-stream”);   
header(”Content-Type: application/download”);;   
header(”Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls “);   
header(”Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary “);   
// XLS Data Cell   
 
xlsBOF();   
xlsWriteLabel(1,0,”My excel line one”);   
xlsWriteLabel(2,0,”My excel line two : “);   
xlsWriteLabel(2,1,”Hello everybody”);   
 
xlsEOF();   
 
function xlsBOF() {   
echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×809, 0×8, 0×0, 0×10, 0×0, 0×0);   
return;   
}   
function xlsEOF() {   
echo pack(”ss”, 0×0A, 0×00);   
return;   
}   
function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) {   
echo pack(”sssss”, 0×203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0×0);   
echo pack(”d”, $Value);   
return;   
}   
function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) {   
$L = strlen($Value);   
echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0×0, $L);   
echo $Value;   
return;   
}   
?>

不过笔者在64位linux系统中使用时失败了，断句符号全部变成了乱码。 5、使用制表符、换行符的方法制表符”t”用户分割同一行中的列，换行符”tn”可以开启下一行。

<?php   
header(”Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl”);   
header(”Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls”);   
header(”Pragma: no-cache”);   
header(”Expires: 0″);   
/*first line*/   
echo “hello”.”t”;   
echo “world”.”t”;   
echo “tn”;   
 
/*start of second line*/   
echo “this is second line”.”t”;   
echo “Hi,pretty girl”.”t”;   
echo “tn”;   
?>

6、使用com 如果你的PHP可以开启com模块，就可以用它来导出Excel文件

PHP代码 <?PHP $filename = “c:/spreadhseet/test.xls”; $sheet1 = 1; $sheet2 = “sheet2″; $excel_app = new COM(”Excel.application”) or Die (”Did not connect”); print “Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}n” ; print “Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}n”; $Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open(”$filename”) or Die(”Did not open $filename $Workbook”); $Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1); $Worksheet->activate; $excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″); $excel_cell->activate; $excel_result = $excel_cell->value; print “$excel_resultn”; $Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2); $Worksheet->activate; $excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″); $excel_cell->activate; $excel_result = $excel_cell->value; print “$excel_resultn”; #To close all instances of excel: $Workbook->Close; unset($Worksheet); unset($Workbook); $excel_app->Workbooks->Close(); $excel_app->Quit(); unset($excel_app); ?>

一个更好的例子： http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html

一、PHP导入Excel

1：还是用PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。

2：使用PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader 举例：

PHP代码 <?php require_once ‘Excel/reader.php’; // ExcelFile($filename, $encoding); $data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader(); // Set output Encoding. $data->setOutputEncoding(’utf8′); $data->read(’ jxlrwtest.xls’); error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE); for ($i = 1; $i <= $data->sheets[0]['numRows']; $i++) { for ($j = 1; $j <= $data->sheets[0]['numCols']; $j++) { echo “”".$data->sheets[0]['cells'][$i][$j].””,”; } echo “n”; } ?>