Python3.6连接Oracle数据库的方法详解

本文实例讲述了Python3.6连接Oracle数据库的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

下载cx_Oracle模块模块：

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/cx_Oracle/5.2.1#downloads

这里下载的是源码进行安装

[root@oracle oracle]# tar xf cx_Oracle-5.2.1.tar.gz
[root@oracle oracle]# cd cx_Oracle-5.2.1
[root@oracle cx_Oracle-5.2.1]# python setup.py build
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 170, in <module>
raise DistutilsSetupError("cannot locate an Oracle software " \
distutils.errors.DistutilsSetupError: cannot locate an Oracle software installation

报错解决办法：在root用户的.bash_profile文件中添加oracle_home的环境变量

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
[root@oracle cx_Oracle-5.2.1]# source /root/.bash_profile
[root@oracle cx_Oracle-5.2.1]# echo ${ORACLE_HOME}
/u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

然后继续build：

[root@oracle cx_Oracle-5.2.1]# python setup.py build
running build
running build_ext

后面输出信息省略

[root@oracle cx_Oracle-5.2.1]# python setup.py install
running install
running bdist_egg

后面输出信息省略

按照完成之后，进行验证模块：

>>> import cx_Oracle
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决办法：在root用户的.bash_profile文件中添加LD_LIBRARY_PATH的环境变量

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

[root@oracle cx_Oracle-5.2.1]# source /root/.bash_profile
[root@oracle cx_Oracle-5.2.1]# python

Python 3.6.1 (default, Jul 13 2017, 14:31:18)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cx_Oracle

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf8
# import module
import cx_Oracle as oracle
# connect oracle database
db = oracle.connect('scott/redhat@192.168.223.138:1521/oracle.test')
# create cursor
cursor = db.cursor()
# execute sql
cursor.execute('select sysdate from dual')
# fetch data
data = cursor.fetchone()
print('Database time:%s' % data)
# close cursor and oracle
cursor.close()
db.close()

[oracle@oracle scripts]$ python connectoracle.py
Database time:2017-08-04 10:20:39

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf8
import cx_Oracle as oracle
def oraclesql(cursor):
  fp = open(r'/home/oracle/scripts/tablespace.sql')
  fp_sql = fp.read()
  cursor.execute(fp_sql)
  data = cursor.fetchall()
  return data
if __name__ == '__main__':
  ipaddr = "192.168.223.138"
  username = "system"
  password = "redhat"
  oracle_port = "1521"
  oracle_service = "oracle.test"
  try:
   db = oracle.connect(username+"/"+password+"@"+ipaddr+":"+oracle_port+"/"+oracle_service)
  # 将异常捕捉，然后e就是抛异常的具体内容
  except Exception as e:
   print(e)
  else:
   cursor = db.cursor()
   data = oraclesql(cursor)
   for i in data:
     print(i)
   cursor.close()
   db.close()

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