Oracle 11g 静默安装

Oracle 11g 静默安装

　　在有些特殊场合，比如堡垒机环境下，不方便开启图形界面，或者为了实现安装自动化，推荐使用静默方式快速安装配置oracle数据库。

1.安装环境

　　Centos7.9+Oracle 11.2.0.4

注意：开始静默安装前，默认已经完成了OS层面的设置部署。

本次规划数据库软件安装目录：/u01/app/oracle
本次规划数据库存储目录：/oradata

2.处理应答文件

2.1 先备份原应答文件
cd database/response
mkdir rspbak
cp *.rsp ./rspbak
2.2 删除应答文件中的注释行(以#开头)
#vi编辑替换或者直接使用sed命令快速替换
$ sed -i 's/^#.*$//g' *.rsp
2.3 刪除沒有內容的空行(^$)
#vi编辑替换或者直接使用sed命令快速替换
$ sed -i '/^$/d' *.rsp

3.静默安装数据库软件

3.1 编辑db_install.rsp文件

$ vi /media/database/response/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=Dbsrv
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

注意：标红的行为需要修改的行。

3.2 静默安装软件
$ cd /media/database/
$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignoreSysPrereqs -showProgress -responseFile /media/database/response/db_install.rsp

安装快结束的时候，会提示使用root用户执行脚本，例如：
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

4.静默配置监听

4.1 编辑netca.rsp文件

$ vi /media/database/response/netca.rsp
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2"
CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"
[oracle.net.ca]
INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}
INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""
LISTENER_NUMBER=1
LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}
LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}
LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""
NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}
NSN_NUMBER=1
NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}
NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}
NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}

注意：如果规划的监听端口是默认值的话，那么就不需要修改该监听响应文件。

4.2 静默创建监听

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca -silent -responsefile /media/database/response/netca.rsp

5. 静默dbca建库

5.1 编辑dbca.rsp文件

$ vi /media/database/response/dbca.rsp
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
gdbName = "myorcl"
sid = "myorcl"
templateName = "General_Purpose.dbc"
characterSet = "ZHS16GBK"
memoryPercentage = "60"
emConfiguration = "LOCAL"
sysPassword = "oracle"
systemPassword = "oracle"
dbsnmpPassword = "oracle"
sysmanPassword = "oracle"
[createTemplateFromDB]
SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"
[createCloneTemplate]
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"
[DELETEDATABASE]
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
[generateScripts]
TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"
GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com"
[CONFIGUREDATABASE]
[ADDINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
NODELIST=
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
[DELETEINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
INSTANCENAME = "orcl11g"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

注意：标红的行为需要修改的行。

5.2 修改引用的通用模板General_Purpose.dbc

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/
$ cp General_Purpose.dbc General_Purpose.dbc.bak
--vi替换{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata为新的存储路径/oradata
$ vi General_Purpose.dbc
:%s#{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata#/oradata#g

5.3 静默创建数据库

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /media/database/response/dbca.rsp
Enter SYS user password: 
 
Enter SYSTEM user password: 
 
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/myorcl/myorcl.log" for further details.

数据库静默安装完成。