附录 A ES6附加特性

模板字符串

const student = {
    name: "Wango",
    age: 24,
}

// 普通字符串
const info1 = "My name is " + student.name + ", and I'm " + student.age + " years old";
// 模板字符串
const info2 = `My name is ${student.name}, and I'm ${student.age} years old`;

console.log(info1 === info2);
// true

模板字符串占位符${}内可以放置任意JS表达式，且不局限于一行

解构

对象的解构

const student = {
    name: "Wango",
    age: 24,
    gender: "male",
}

// 对象解构，变量名必须与对象的属性名一致
let {name, age, gender} = student;

console.log(name === student.name);
// true
console.log(age === student.age);
// true
console.log(gender === student.gender);
// true

// 对象解构，显式指定要赋值的变量
let {name: myName, age: myAge, gender: myGender} = student;

console.log(myName === student.name);
// true
console.log(myAge === student.age);
// true
console.log(myGender === student.gender);
// true

数组的解构

const students = ["Wango", "Lily", "Jack", "Tom"];

// 数组元素的值按顺序赋值给指定变量
let [stu1, stu2, stu3, stu4] = students;

console.log(stu1 === students[0]);
// true
console.log(stu2 === students[1]);
// true
console.log(stu3 === students[2]);
// true
console.log(stu4 === students[3]);
// true

// 可以跳过特定的数组项
[stu1, , stu2, ,] = students;
console.log(stu1 === students[0]);
// true
console.log(stu2 === students[2]);
// true

// 可以捕获要追踪的项
let [first, ...remaining] = students

console.log(first === students[0]);
// true
console.log(remaining);
// ["Lily", "Jack", "Tom"]

// 字符串本质上也是数组，也可以用解构
const a = "Hello world!";
const [b, ...c] = a;
console.log(b);
// H
console.log(c);
// ["e", "l", "l", "o", " ", "w", "o", "r", "l", "d", "!"]

增强版对象字面量

// 原有对象字面量
const name = "Wango";
const student = {
    // 在作用域内创建一个与变量同名的属性，
    // 并将该变量的值赋给它
    name: name,
    // 定义一个方法
    getName: function() {
        return this.name;
    }
};
// 创建一个动态生成的属性
student["newStudent" + name] = true;

// ES6增强版对象字面量
const newStudent = {
    name,   // 简写，直接将同名变量的值赋给属性
    getName() { //直接方法名加括号，表明这是一个方法
        return this.name;
    },
    // 动态属性名
    ["newStudent" + name]: true,
}

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/hycstar/p/14061383.html