MongoDB的简单实践 - 码农教程

安装与配置

下载完安装包，解压

tar -xvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.6.tgz -C /opt
cd /opt/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.6/bin

创建数据库目录

mkdir -p /data/db

启动mongodb

./mongod

启动mongo时可以命令行添加参数

--port arg 端口默认27017

--bind_ip arg 绑定ip 默认127.0.0.1

--auth 加密运行

--noauth 不加密

--fork 守护进程启动

--dbpath arg 指定数据库目录默认 /data/db

启动客户端

命令格式为:./mongo [options][db address] [file names (ending in .js)]

./mongo		#默认连接本机

常用命令

创建数据库
```
use <数据库名>
```
```
use mydb
```

创建集合

db.createCollection(<集合名>)

db.createCollection("col")

插入

db.col.insert(<文档>)

db.col.insert({
    name:"Tom",
    age:20
})

查询

db.col.find(<查询条件>)

db.col.find({name: "Tom"})

修改

db.col.update(
	<查询条件>,
	<更新操作>
)

db.col.update(
	{name: "Tom"},
	{$set:{age: 25}}
)

删除

db.col.remove( 
	<查询条件>,     
	<是否只删除一个文档:可选> 
)

db.col.remove(
	{name: "Tom"}
)

聚合

db.col.aggregate(
	<聚合操作>
)

db.col.insert([
    {userId:1,date:"2019-11-18 14:54:28"},
    {userId:1,date:"2019-11-18 14:54:28"},
    {userId:1,date:"2019-11-18 14:54:28"},
    {userId:2,date:"2019-11-18 14:54:28"},
    {userId:3,date:"2019-11-18 14:54:28"},
    {userId:2,date:"2019-11-18 14:54:28"}
])
db.col.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$userId", count : {$sum : 1}}}])

实例 QQ动态

建立数据库和集合

use qqDynamics
show dbs
db.createCollection("qqDynamics")

设计结构

文档结构如下
```
{
    qq:QQ号
    name:昵称
    text:动态内容
    comments:列表,评论与回复
    createdDatetime:创建时间
}
```
其中comments为列表格式,可以嵌套该文档,实现多级的回复与评论.

但是使用嵌套会限制数据的大小不能超过16MB,也就不能用较多的评论,较多时应改用引用的方式会增加查询次数.

设计操作语句

创建新动态

db.qqDynamics.insert({
	qq: 652281589,
	name: "伍慧",
	text: "为什东西成为人员.的话提高具有继续为了相关责任.工程国际首页就是这么那么.",
	comments: [],
	createdDatetime: "2019-02-11 03:47:16"
});

db.qqDynamics.update(
	{"_id" : ObjectId("5e76f81abd5867c50aa550f5")},
	{$push:{'comments': {
			qq: 611376741,
			name: "梁琴",
			text: "位置客户中文因为.",
			comments: [],
			createdDatetime: "2019-01-11 19:03:09"
		} }}
)

回复评论

db.qqDynamics.update(
	{"_id" : ObjectId("5e76f81abd5867c50aa550f5")},
	{$push:{'comments.0.comments': {
			qq: 635902894,
			name: "伍慧",
			text: "系统品牌的是文章.",
			comments: [],
			createdDatetime: "2019-12-05 08:15:00"
		} }}
)

回复的回复

db.qqDynamics.update(
	{"_id" : ObjectId("5e76f81abd5867c50aa550f5")},
	{$push:{'comments.0.comments.0.comments':  {
			qq: 611376741,
			name: "梁琴",
			text: "AAAAA.",
			comments: [],
			createdDatetime: "2019-01-11 19:03:09"
		} }}
)

订单历史数据统计分析

使用pymongo连接mongo数据库,进行分析,使用pyecharts绘制图标

#导入库,并连接数据库
from pyecharts.charts import *
from pprint import pprint
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
db = client["orderData"]
col = db["orderInfoCol"]

# 统计每日amount,绘制折线图
cur = col.aggregate([
    {
        "$group" :{
            "_id":"$createdDatetime",
            "amount":{"$sum":"$amount"}
        }
    },
    {
        "$sort":{"_id":1}
    }
])
data = [i for i in cur]

pprint(data)

line = (
    Line()
    .add_xaxis([i["_id"] for i in data])
    .add_yaxis("amount",[i["amount"] for i in data])
)
line.render_notebook()

#统计不同memberLevel的总amount的比例
cur = col.aggregate([
    {
        "$group" :{
            "_id":"$customer.memberLevel",
            "amount":{"$sum":"$amount"}
        }
    }
])
data = [i for i in cur]
pprint(data)
pie = (
    Pie()
    .add("amount",[(i['_id'],i['amount']) for i in data])
)
pie.render_notebook()

#统计customer的总amount
cur = col.aggregate([
    {
        "$group" :{
            "_id":"$customer.customerName",
            "amount":{"$sum":"$amount"}
        }
    }
])
data = [i for i in cur]
pprint(data)
bar = (
    Bar()
    .add_xaxis([i['_id'] for i in data])
    .add_yaxis("amount",[i['amount'] for i in data])
)
bar.render_notebook()

#统计item的总quantity
cur = col.aggregate([
    {
        "$unwind":"$detail"
    },
    {
        "$group" :{
            "_id":"$detail.item.itemName",
            "quantity":{"$sum":"$detail.quantity"}
        }
    }
])
data = [i for i in cur]
pprint(data)
pie = (
    Pie()
    .add("count",[(i['_id'],i['quantity']) for i in data])
)
pie.render_notebook()

#统计category的quantity
cur = col.aggregate([
    {
        "$unwind":"$detail"
    },
    {
        "$group" :{
            "_id":"$detail.item.category.category",
            "quantity":{"$sum":"$detail.quantity"}
        }
    }
])
data = [i for i in cur]
pprint(data)
pie = (
    Pie()
    .add("count",[(i['_id'],i['quantity']) for i in data])
)
pie.render_notebook()

#测试数据
use orderData

show dbs

db.createCollection("orderInfoCol")

db.orderInfoCol.insert({
	orderID : 100001,
	customer : {customerID:1001, customerName:"1001", memberLevel:1},
	amount : 900,
	detail : [
		{item:{itemID:10001, itemName:"10001", category:{categoryID:101, category:"101"}}, quantity:10},
		{item:{itemID:10002, itemName:"10002", category:{categoryID:101, category:"101"}}, quantity:20},
		{item:{itemID:10003, itemName:"10003", category:{categoryID:101, category:"101"}}, quantity:30},
		{item:{itemID:10004, itemName:"10004", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:40},
		{item:{itemID:10005, itemName:"10005", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:50},
		{item:{itemID:10006, itemName:"10006", category:{categoryID:103, category:"103"}}, quantity:50}
	],
	createdDatetime : "2020-01-01" 
});

db.orderInfoCol.insert({
	orderID : 100002,
	customer : {customerID:1002, customerName:"1002", memberLevel:2},
	amount : 600,
	detail : [
		{item:{itemID:10002, itemName:"10002", category:{categoryID:101, category:"101"}}, quantity:40},
		{item:{itemID:10003, itemName:"10003", category:{categoryID:101, category:"101"}}, quantity:60},
		{item:{itemID:10004, itemName:"10004", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:80},
		{item:{itemID:10005, itemName:"10005", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:100}
	],
	createdDatetime : "2020-01-02"

});

db.orderInfoCol.insert({
	orderID : 100003,
	customer : {customerID:1002, customerName:"1002", memberLevel:2},
	amount : 500,
	detail : [
		{item:{itemID:10003, itemName:"10003", category:{categoryID:101, category:"101"}}, quantity:90},
		{item:{itemID:10004, itemName:"10004", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:120},
		{item:{itemID:10005, itemName:"10005", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:150}
	],
	createdDatetime : "2020-01-03"

});

db.orderInfoCol.insert({
	orderID : 100004,
	customer : {customerID:1003, customerName:"1003", memberLevel:1},
	amount : 300,
	detail : [
		{item:{itemID:10004, itemName:"10004", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:160},
		{item:{itemID:10005, itemName:"10005", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:200}
	],
	createdDatetime : "2020-01-04"

});

db.orderInfoCol.insert({
	orderID : 100005,
	customer : {customerID:1003, customerName:"1003", memberLevel:1},
	amount : 400,
	detail : [
		{item:{itemID:10005, itemName:"10005", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:900}
	],
	createdDatetime : "2020-01-05"

});

db.orderInfoCol.insert({
	orderID : 100006,
	customer : {customerID:1003, customerName:"1003", memberLevel:1},
	amount : 200,
	detail : [
		{item:{itemID:10005, itemName:"10005", category:{categoryID:102, category:"102"}}, quantity:900}
	],
	createdDatetime : "2020-01-06"

});

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lzyuid/p/12558492.html