基于docker的mysql8的主从复制

创建mysql的docker镜像

构建docker镜像，其中数据卷配置内容在下面,结构目录如下

version: '3.7'
services: 
    db:
      # images 8.x
      image: mysql
      restart: always
      environment: 
        MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 456123
      command: 
        --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
        --character-set-server=utf8mb4
        --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
        --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
        --lower_case_table_names=1
      ports: 
        - 3309:3306
      volumes: 
        - ./data:/var/lib/mysql
        - ./my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf

配置mysql的主库

更新配置文件

# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA

#
# The MySQL  Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysqld]

pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here
# [必须]启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin 
# [必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1  1~255
server-id=1 
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

配置操作

启动mysql
```
docker-compose up -d 
```

更新配置

查看容器

docker ps

进入mysql交互

 docker exec -it 518a92715f6f /bin/bash

登录mysql
```
 mysql -u root -p
```

配置

#在主库上创建同步用户并授权
CREATE USER 'replicate'@'112.74.41.236' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replicate'@'112.74.41.236';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
#最后增加远程访问用户 并赋予所有权限，远程访问测试用
CREATE USER antsdouble IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'antsdouble'@'%';
#用navicate12及以上可以不用修复修复远程登录报报 caching_sha2_password异常
# mysql8 用新的驱动  driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
ALTER USER 'antsdouble'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
ALTER USER 'antsdouble'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
#查询master的状态，此处File，Position数据在配置从库时用到
show master status;

配置mysql的从库

更新配置文件

# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA

#
# The MySQL  Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysqld]

pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here
# [必须]启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin 
# [必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1
server-id=1 
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

配置操作

进入交互模式，方法同主库

配置从库

change master to master_host='112.74.41.236',master_port=3309,master_user='replicate',master_password='123456',master_log_file='binlog.000006',master_log_pos=3862;

说明

master_port：Master的端口号，指的是容器的端口号

master_user：用于数据同步的用户

master_password：用于同步的用户的密码

master_log_file：指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据，即上文中提到的 File 字段的值

master_log_pos：从哪个 Position 开始读，即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值

master_connect_retry：如果连接失败，重试的时间间隔，单位是秒，默认是60秒

查看

show slave status\G
# 查询slave的状态，Slave_IO_Running及Slave_SQL_Running进程必须正常运行，即YES状态，否则都是错误的状态 错误可以在2标记处查看到原因，也可以通过
show slave status;

测试功能

主库添加一条数
在从库查看

常见问题

可能产生的原因

网络不通

检查ip,端口

密码不对

检查是否创建用于同步的用户和用户密码是否正确

pos不对

检查Master的 Position

Could not execute Update_rows event on table oa.bui_bill_sum; Can't find record in 'bui_bill_sum', Error_code: 1032; handler error HA_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND; the event's master log mysql-bin.000138, end_log_pos 160051747
1. 解决，临时
```
进入sql 执行
STOP SLAVE; 
SET GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter =1; #表示跳过一步错误，后面的数字可变 
START SLAVE;  
```
2. 永久
```
在my.cnf中配置
slave-skip-errors = 1032 就会跳过所有的1032的错误,多个用逗号分隔
```
mysql并没有从my.cnf文件中更新server_id，既然这样就只能手动修改了

set global server_id=2; #此处的数值和my.cnf里设置的一样就行
slave start;

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/ants_double/p/11763415.html