python_django__验证码

验证码：在用户注册/登陆时使用，为了防止暴力请求，减轻服务器压力，也是防止csrf的一种方式。

运行环境：python django

对应template模块htm函数：

登陆页面：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>验证码</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="{% url 'inn:verificationcheck'%}">  <!--反向解析-->
<!--<form method="post" action="/sunck/verificationcheck/"> -->
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="text" name="verification_code"/>
    <img src="/sunck/verification_code/">
    <input type="submit" value="登陆"/>
    <span>{{ flag }}</span>  <!--状态码-->
</form>
</body>
</html>

verificationfile.html

登陆成功页面：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登陆成功</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>登陆成功</h1>
</body>
</html>

success.html

对应url.py配置:

项目级：

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include
from django.conf.urls import url
from my_inn import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('sunck/',include('my_inn.urls',namespace='inn')),
                        # 方便不同的app的管理  # namespace ：与url的反向解析有关
]

urls.py

应用级：

 from django.conf.urls import url
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name='inn'    
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^verification_code/$', views.verification_code),
    url(r'verificationfile/$',views.verificationfile),
    url(r'verificationcheck/$', views.verificationcheck,name='verificationcheck'),
]

urls.py

对应views.py文件函数：

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont  # 引入绘图模块
import random  # 引入随机函数模块
from django.http import HttpResponse 
from io import BytesIO  # 在内存中创建

# 颜色的填充
def get_random_color():
    color = (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255))
    return color

def verification_code(request):
    # 1.1 定义变量，宽，高，背景颜色
    width = 130
    height = 50
    background_color = get_random_color()
    # 1.2 创建画布对象
    image = Image.new('RGB', (width, height), background_color)
    # 1.3 创建画笔对象
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
    # 1.4 调用画笔的point()函数绘制噪点
    for i in range(0, 100):
        xy = (random.randrange(0, width), random.randrange(0, height))   # 在尺寸内画点
        draw.point(xy, fill=get_random_color())
    # 1.5 调用画笔的line()函数制造线
    for i in range(0, 5):
        xy_start = (random.randrange(0, width), random.randrange(0, height))
        xy_end = (random.randrange(0, width), random.randrange(0, height))
        draw.line((xy_start, xy_end), fill=get_random_color())

    # 2 用draw.text书写文字
    rand_python = ''
    # 随机选取4个值作为验证码
    for i in range(4):
        random_number = str(random.randint(0, 9))   # 数字0-9
        random_lower_letter = chr(random.randint(97, 122))  # 字母a-z
        random_upper_letter = chr(random.randint(65, 90))   # 字母A-Z
        rand_python += random.choice([random_number, random_lower_letter, random_upper_letter,])
        color = get_random_color() # 构造字体颜色
        text_color = [0, 0, 0]
        #
        for j in range(2):
            if color[j]-background_color[j] <= 30:
                text_color[j] = 255-color[j]
            else:
                text_color[j] = color[j]
        # 验证码字体及颜色
        draw.text((i * (width/4) + 10, 2),
                  rand_python[i],
                  tuple(text_color),
                  font=ImageFont.truetype(r'C:\Windows\Fonts\CHILLER.TTF', 40),
                  align='center')

    # 3 释放画笔
    del draw
    # 存入session,用于做进一步的验证
    request.session['verification_code'] = rand_python
    # 内存文件操作
    buf = BytesIO()
    # 将图片保存在内存中，文件类型为png
    image.save(buf, 'png')
    # 将内存中的图片数据返回给客户端，MIME类型为图片png
    return HttpResponse(buf.getvalue(), 'image/png')

def verificationfile(request):
    rflag = request.session.get("flag",True)
    str = ""
    if rflag ==False:
        str = "请重新输入"
    request.session.clear()
    return render(request,'myMain/verificationfile.html',{"flag":str})

def verificationcheck(request):
    # 把接收到的验证码拿进来对比session中存储的验证码
    code1 = request.POST.get("verification_code").upper()  # 不区分大小写
    code2 = request.session['verification_code'].upper()
    if code1 == code2:
        # 成功跳转页面
        return render(request,'myMain/success.html')
    else:
        # 不成功重定向
        request.session["flag"] = False
        return redirect('/sunck/verificationfile/')

view.py代码转自：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43830248/article/details/86670064

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Vera-y/p/11938452.html