2019-2020-1 20175330 20175324 20175311 实验三:并发程序

时间:2019-11-18
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任务一 C语言模拟wc命令、实现linux下客户端服务器文件通信

使用man wc命令查看wc命令的基本用法:

 

可知wc命令的功能为:统计指定文件中的字节数、字数、行数等,并将统计结果显示输出。常用的参数为:

  • -c:统计字节数
  • -l:统计行数
  • -m:统计字符数,且不能与-c参数一起使用
  • -w:统计字数,一个字被定义为由空白、跳格或换行字符分割的字符串
  • -L:打印最长行的长

但是,如果我们想统计某文件中出现过某个特定单词的行数,只用wc命令是无法完成的。我们可以借助管道将wc命令与其他命令(如grep)串联起来:

grep and test.txt | wc -l

 

上面命令实现了查找test.txt中所有出现过“and”这个单词的行,并统计行数。

进一步,如果想精确到个数,可以加上参数-o选项(only),表示只选中那些匹配的地方,结果为:

基于以上分析,代码如下:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void wc_func(char *file,int ism,int isw,int isl);
int main(int argc ,char *argv[])

{
    int ism,isw,isl,opt;
    ism = isw = isl = 0;
    int count = 0;
    while((opt=getopt(argc,argv,"mwl"))!=-1)
    {
        count++;
        switch(opt)
        {
            case 'm':
                ism=1;
                break;
            case 'w':
                isw=1;
                break;
            case 'l':
                isl=1;
                break;
            case '?':
                printf("请查看该指令说明文档 %c\n",optopt);
                exit(0);
        }
    }   
    if(count==0)
    {
        ism=isw=isl=1;
    }
    if(optind==argc)
    {
        printf("wc error: have no file!\n");
    }
    for(;optind<argc;optind++)
    {
        wc_func(argv[optind],ism,isw,isl);
    }
}
void wc_func(char *file,int ism,int isw,int isl)
{
    int t,m,w,l;
    int state = 0;
    FILE *in;
    if((in = fopen(file,"r"))==NULL)
    {
        printf("wc %s:no this file or dir\n",file);
        return;
    }
    w=m=l=0;
    while((t=fgetc(in))!=EOF)
    {
        /*if(t=='\t'||t==' ')
        {   
            w++;
        }
        else if(t=='\n')
        {
            l++;
        }*/
        if(t == '\n') {
                    l++;
                    state = 0;
                    continue;
            } else if(t == ' ') {
                    state = 0;
                    continue;
            } else if(t == '\r') {
                    state = 0;
                    continue;
            } else {
                    if(state == 0) {
                    state = 1;
                    w++;
                }
                    continue;
            }
        m++;    
    }
    if(isl)
        printf("%-5d",l);
    if(isw)
        printf("%-5d",w);
    if(ism)
        printf("%-5d",m);
    printf("%-10s\n",file);
}

运行结果如下:

虽然在网络安全编程基础课程上学习过网络编程的相关知识,但基于的是Windows。将其移植到Linux下时需要注意以下几个方面:

  • 头文件 Windows下winsock.h或winsock2.h;
  • Linux下netinet/in.h(包括大部分),unistd.h(包括close函数),sys/socket.h。
  • 初始化 windows下需要用WSAStartup启动Ws2_32.lib;
  • linux下不需要。
  • 关闭socket windows下使用closesocket();
  • linux下使用close()。
  • 类型 windows下SOCKET;
  • 多线程(下一个任务会用到) windows下包含process.h,使用beginthread和endthread;
  • linux下包含pthread.h,使用pthreadcreate和pthreadexit。

...... 以上是在移植过程中遇到的问题,需格外注意。

基于客户端与服务器的通信流程,可分别写出创建服务器和客户端,以及客户端和服务器连接的代码:

/*创建服务器:*/
#include <netinet/in.h>    // for sockaddr_in
#include <sys/types.h>    // for socket
#include <sys/socket.h>    // for socket
#include <stdio.h>        // for printf
#include <stdlib.h>        // for exit
#include <string.h>        // for bzero
#include <unistd.h>
/*
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
*/
#define HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT    5212 
#define LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE 20
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512
#define FILE_WORDS_NUMBER 32
int wc_func(char *file_name);
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    //设置一个socket地址结构server_addr,代表服务器internet地址, 端口
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr)); //把一段内存区的内容全部设置为0
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT);

    //创建用于internet的流协议(TCP)socket,用server_socket代表服务器socket
    int server_socket = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    if( server_socket < 0)
    {
        printf("Create Socket Failed!");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    //把socket和socket地址结构联系起来
    if( bind(server_socket,(struct sockaddr*)&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr)))
    {
        printf("Server Bind Port : %d Failed!", HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT); 
        exit(1);
    }
    
    //server_socket用于监听
    if ( listen(server_socket, LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE) )
    {
        printf("Server Listen Failed!"); 
        exit(1);
    }
    while (1) //服务器端要一直运行
    {
        //定义客户端的socket地址结构client_addr
        struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
        socklen_t length = sizeof(client_addr);

        //接受一个到server_socket代表的socket的一个连接
        //如果没有连接请求,就等待到有连接请求--这是accept函数的特性
        //accept函数返回一个新的socket,这个socket(new_server_socket)用于同连接到的客户的通信
        //new_server_socket代表了服务器和客户端之间的一个通信通道
        //accept函数把连接到的客户端信息填写到客户端的socket地址结构client_addr中
        int new_server_socket = accept(server_socket,(struct sockaddr*)&client_addr,&length);
        if ( new_server_socket < 0)
        {
            printf("Server Accept Failed!\n");
            break;
        }
        
    char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
    bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
    char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
    recv(new_server_socket,file_name,BUFFER_SIZE,0);
    
    
    FILE * fp = fopen(file_name,"w");
    if(NULL == fp )
    {
        printf("File:\t%s Can Not Open To Write\n", file_name);
        exit(1);
    }
    
    //从客户端接收数据到buffer中
    bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
    int len = 0;
    while( len = recv(new_server_socket,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0))
    {
        if(len < 0)
        {
            printf("Recieve Data From Client %s Failed!\n", argv[1]);
            break;
        }

        int write_length = fwrite(buffer,sizeof(char),len,fp);
        if (write_length<len)
        {
            printf("File:\t%s Write Failed\n", file_name);
            break;
        }
        bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);    
    }
    printf("File:\t%s Transfer Finished!\n",file_name);
    
    fclose(fp);
    
    //关闭与客户端的连接
    close(new_server_socket);
    }
    //关闭监听用的socket
    close(server_socket);
    return 0;
}
/*客户端:*/
#include <netinet/in.h>    // for sockaddr_in
#include <sys/types.h>    // for socket
#include <sys/socket.h>    // for socket
#include <stdio.h>        // for printf
#include <stdlib.h>        // for exit
#include <string.h>        // for bzero
#include <unistd.h>
/*
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
*/

#define HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT    5212 
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512
#define FILE_WORDS_NUMBER 32
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    if (argc != 2)
    {
        printf("Usage: ./%s ServerIPAddress\n",argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    //设置一个socket地址结构client_addr,代表客户机internet地址, 端口
    struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
    bzero(&client_addr,sizeof(client_addr)); //把一段内存区的内容全部设置为0
    client_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;    //internet协议族
    client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);//INADDR_ANY表示自动获取本机地址
    client_addr.sin_port = htons(0);    //0表示让系统自动分配一个空闲端口
    //创建用于internet的流协议(TCP)socket,用client_socket代表客户机socket
    int client_socket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    if( client_socket < 0)
    {
        printf("Create Socket Failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    //把客户机的socket和客户机的socket地址结构联系起来
    if( bind(client_socket,(struct sockaddr*)&client_addr,sizeof(client_addr)))
    {
        printf("Client Bind Port Failed!\n"); 
        exit(1);
    }

    //设置一个socket地址结构server_addr,代表服务器的internet地址, 端口
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    if(inet_aton(argv[1],&server_addr.sin_addr) == 0) //服务器的IP地址来自程序的参数
    {
        printf("Server IP Address Error!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT);
    socklen_t server_addr_length = sizeof(server_addr);
    //向服务器发起连接,连接成功后client_socket代表了客户机和服务器的一个socket连接
    if(connect(client_socket,(struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, server_addr_length) < 0)
    {
        printf("Can Not Connect To %s!\n",argv[1]);
        exit(1);
    }

    char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
    bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
    printf("Please Input File Name On Server:\t");
    scanf("%s", file_name);
    
    char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
    strncpy(buffer, file_name, strlen(file_name)>BUFFER_SIZE?BUFFER_SIZE:strlen(file_name));
    //向服务器发送buffer中的数据
    send(client_socket,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0);

    FILE * fp = fopen(file_name,"r");
    if(NULL == fp )
    {
        printf("File:\t%s Not Found\n", file_name);
        exit(1);
    }
    else
    {
            bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
            int file_block_length = 0;
            while( (file_block_length = fread(buffer,sizeof(char),BUFFER_SIZE, fp))>0)
            {
                //printf("file_block_length = %d\n",file_block_length);
                //发送buffer中的字符串到服务器
                if(send(client_socket,buffer,file_block_length,0)<0)
                {
                    printf("Send File:\t%s Failed\n", file_name);
                    break;
                }
                bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
            }
    }
    
    printf("Send File:\t %s To Server[%s] Finished\n",file_name, argv[1]);
    
    printf("The File has %d words.\n", wc_func(file_name));
    fclose(fp);
  
    //关闭socket
    close(client_socket);
    return 0;
}
int wc_func(char *file_name)
{
    int t;
    int w = 0;
    int state = 0;
    FILE *in;
    if((in = fopen(file_name,"r"))==NULL)
    {
        printf("wc %s:no this file or dir\n",file_name);
        return;
    }
    while((t=fgetc(in))!=EOF)
    {
        
        if(t=='\n'||t==' '||t=='\r') {
                    state = 0;
                    continue;
            } else {
                    if(state == 0) {
                    state = 1;
                    w++;
                   }
                    continue;
            }
    }
    return w;
}

运行结果:

 

任务二 多线程实现传送文本文件的服务器和客户端

查看与创建进程相关的函数:

“pthreadcreate()”函数,使用man 3 pthreadcreate命令查看其用法

 

意思是:系统调用里没有“pthread”函数,再编译使用进程的.C文件时要在 后面加上-pthread

函数说明:

  • thread:线程标识符;
  • attr:线程属性设置;
  • startroutine:线程函数的起始地址;
  • arg:传递给startroutine的参数;
  • 返回值:成功,返回0;出错,返回-1。 注意:pthread库不是Linux系统默认的库,连接时需要使用静态库libpthread.a,所以在线程函数在编译时,需要使用“-lpthread”链接库函数。 因此,服务器需要循环检测是否有新的连接。如果有,则调用pthread_create()函数创建新的进程,并执行相关代码。

这部分的代码如下:

while(1){ //接受客户端连接 socklent addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr); struct sockaddrin clientaddr; //客户端地址结构 int clientsock = accept(ss, (struct sockaddr*)&clientaddr, &addrlen); if(clientsock < 0){ printf("accept error\n"); } printf("accept success\n");

    pthread_t pid;
    if(pthread_create(&pid, NULL, process_client, &client_sock) < 0){
        printf("pthread_create error\n");
    }
}

创建了新的线程,接下来就可以传送文件了。

代码如下:

/*服务器*/

#include<netinet/in.h>   
#include<sys/types.h>   
#include<sys/socket.h>   
#include<stdio.h>   
#include<stdlib.h>   
#include<string.h>   
#include<pthread.h>  
/*
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
*/
#define HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT    165212

#define LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE     20  
#define BUFFER_SIZE                1024  
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE         512  
void *process_client(void *new_server_socket);
int mywc(char file_name[])
{
    char ch;
    int flag=0,num=0;
    int choose;
    FILE *fp;
    printf("统计单词个数还是实现“wc -w”?(1or2)\n");
    scanf("%d",&choose);
    if((fp = fopen(file_name,"r"))==NULL)
    {
        printf("Failure to open %s\n",file_name);
        exit(0);
    }

    if(choose==1)
    {
    while((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF)
    {
        if(ch==' ' || ch=='\n' || ch=='\t' ||  ch=='\!' || ch=='\?' || ch=='\"' || ch=='\.' || ch== '\,' || ch=='\:' || ch=='\(' || ch=='\)' || ch=='\;' || ch=='\-')
        {
            flag=0;
        }
        else
        {
            if(flag==0)
            {
                flag=1;
                num++;
            }

        }
                   
    }

    }
    else if(choose==2)
    {
        while((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF)
        {
            if(ch==' ' || ch=='\n' || ch=='\t' || ch=='\r')
                flag=0;
            else
            {
                if(flag==0)
                {
                    flag=1;
                    num++;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    printf("单词个数为:%d\n",num);
    fclose(fp);
    return num;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)  
{  
// set socket's address information   
// 设置一个socket地址结构server_addr,代表服务器internet的地址和端口  
    struct sockaddr_in   server_addr;  
    bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));  
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);  
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT);  
// create a stream socket   
// 创建用于internet的流协议(TCP)socket,用server_socket代表服务器向客户端提供服务的接口  
    int server_socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);  
    if (server_socket < 0)  
    {  
        printf("Create Socket Failed!\n");  
        exit(1);  
    }  

// 把socket和socket地址结构绑定   
    if (bind(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)))  
    {  
        printf("Server Bind Port: %d Failed!\n", HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT);  
        exit(1);  
    }  

// server_socket用于监听   
    if (listen(server_socket, LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE))  
    {  
        printf("Server Listen Failed!\n");  
        exit(1);  
    }  
// 服务器端一直运行用以持续为客户端提供服务   
      
    while(1)
    {
// 定义客户端的socket地址结构client_addr,当收到来自客户端的请求后,调用accept  
// 接受此请求,同时将client端的地址和端口等信息写入client_addr中  
        struct sockaddr_in client_addr;  
        socklen_t length = sizeof(client_addr);  

// 接受一个从client端到达server端的连接请求,将客户端的信息保存在client_addr中  
// 如果没有连接请求,则一直等待直到有连接请求为止,这是accept函数的特性,可以  
// 用select()来实现超时检测   
// accpet返回一个新的socket,这个socket用来与此次连接到server的client进行通信  
// 这里的new_server_socket代表了这个通信通道  
        int new_server_socket = accept(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &length);  
        printf("连接到客户端\n");
        if (new_server_socket < 0)  
        {  
            printf("Server Accept Failed!\n");  
              
        }
        //添加进程相关代码
        pthread_t pid;
        if(pthread_create(&pid, NULL, process_client,(void *) &new_server_socket) < 0){
              printf("pthread_create error\n");
        }
        
    }
//  close(server_socket);
}
void *process_client(void *new_server_socket)
{
        int sockid=*(int *)new_server_socket;
        FILE *fp;
        //接受来自客户端的文件
        char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; 
        char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE];
        bzero(buffer, sizeof(buffer));  
        int length=0;
        if(recv(sockid,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE, 0)==-1)
        {
            printf("接受文件名%s失败\n",buffer);
        }
        strcpy(file_name,buffer);
        strcat(file_name,"-server");
        if((fp = fopen(file_name,"w"))==NULL)
        {
            printf("Failure to open %s\n",file_name);
            exit(0);
        }
        while( length = recv(sockid, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0))
        {
            if(length<0)
            {
                printf("接受文件出错\n");
                exit(0);
            }
            
            if(fwrite(buffer,sizeof(char),length,fp)<length)
            {
                printf("写文件失败\n");
            }
            bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
        }
        fclose(fp);
        printf("接受文件完毕\n");
        int number=0;
        number=mywc(file_name);
        bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);  
        buffer[0]=number+48;
// 发送buffer中的字符串到new_server_socket,实际上就是发送给客户端  
        /*if (send(new_server_socket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0) < 0)  
        {  
            printf("Send number Failed!\n");  
             
        }  
        printf("发送单词个数完毕\n");*/
        bzero(buffer, sizeof(buffer));  
        
//      fclose(fp);  
        printf("File Transfer Finished!\n");    
        close(new_server_socket);  
} 
/*客户端*/
include<netinet/in.h> // for sockaddr_in include<sys/types.h> // for socket include<sys/socket.h> // for socket include<stdio.h> // for printf include<stdlib.h> // for exit include<string.h> // for bzero /* include <sys/types.h> include <sys/stat.h> include <fcntl.h> include <unistd.h> */ define HELLOWORLDSERVER_PORT 165212 define BUFFER_SIZE 1024 define FILENAMEMAX_SIZE 512 int mywc(char file_name[],int choose); int main(int argc, char **argv) { FILE *fp; if (argc != 2) { printf("Usage: ./%s ServerIPAddress\n", argv[0]); exit(1); } // 设置一个socket地址结构clientaddr, 代表客户机的internet地址和端口 struct sockaddrin clientaddr; bzero(&clientaddr, sizeof(clientaddr)); clientaddr.sinfamily = AFINET; // internet协议族 client_addr.sinaddr.saddr = htons(INADDRANY); // INADDRANY表示自动获取本机地址 clientaddr.sinport = htons(0); // auto allocated, 让系统自动分配一个空闲端口 // 创建用于internet的流协议(TCP)类型socket,用clientsocket代表客户端socket int clientsocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCKSTREAM, 0); if (clientsocket < 0) { printf("Create Socket Failed!\n"); exit(1); } // 把客户端的socket和客户端的socket地址结构绑定 if (bind(clientsocket, (struct sockaddr*)&clientaddr, sizeof(client_addr))) { printf("Client Bind Port Failed!\n"); exit(1); } // 设置一个socket地址结构serveraddr,代表服务器的internet地址和端口 struct sockaddrin serveraddr; bzero(&serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr)); serveraddr.sinfamily = AFINET; // 服务器的IP地址来自程序的参数 if (inetaton(argv[1], &serveraddr.sinaddr) == 0) { printf("Server IP Address Error!\n"); exit(1); } serveraddr.sinport = htons(HELLOWORLDSERVERPORT); socklen_t serveraddrlength = sizeof(serveraddr); // 向服务器发起连接请求,连接成功后clientsocket代表客户端和服务器端的一个socket连接 if (connect(clientsocket, (struct sockaddr*)&serveraddr, serveraddrlength) < 0) { printf("Can Not Connect To %s!\n", argv[1]); exit(1); } char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE + 1]; bzero(file_name, sizeof(file_name)); printf("Please Input File Name.\t"); scanf("%s", file_name); if((fp = fopen(file_name,"r"))==NULL) { printf("Failure to open %s\n",file_name); exit(0); } char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; bzero(buffer, sizeof(buffer)); strcpy(buffer,file_name); if(send(client_socket,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0)==-1) { printf("发送文件名失败\n"); } char ch; int i=0; while((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF) { buffer[i++]=ch; if(i>=BUFFER_SIZE) { if((send(client_socket, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0))==-1) { printf("发送文件失败\n"); } bzero(buffer, sizeof(buffer)); i=0; } } if(i<BUFFER_SIZE) { if((send(client_socket, buffer, i, 0))==-1) { printf("发送文件失败\n"); } } printf("发送%s完毕\n",file_name); mywc(file_name,1); mywc(file_name,2); // 向服务器发送buffer中的数据,此时buffer中存放的是客户端需要接收的文件 //以下接收服务器发来的单词个数 bzero(buffer, sizeof(buffer)); // int length = 0; /* int length = recv(client_socket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0); if (length < 0) { printf("Recieve Data From Server %s Failed!\n", argv[1]); } else { printf("Recieve words number %c From Server[%s] Finished!\n",buffer[0],argv[1]); } bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); */ // 传输完毕,关闭socket fclose(fp); close(client_socket); return 0; } int mywc(char file_name[],int choose) { FILE *fp; char ch; int flag=0,num=0; // int choose; // printf("统计单词个数还是实现“wc -w”?(1or2)\n"); // scanf("%d",&choose); if((fp = fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL) { printf("Failure to open %s\n",filename); exit(0); } if(choose==1) { while((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF) { if(ch==' ' || ch=='\n' || ch=='\t' || ch=='\!' || ch=='\?' || ch=='\"' || ch=='\.' || ch== '\,' || ch=='\:' || ch=='\(' || ch=='\)' || ch=='\;' || ch=='\-') { flag=0; } else { if(flag==0) { flag=1; num++; } } } } else if(choose==2) { while((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF) { if(ch==' ' || ch=='\n' || ch=='\t' || ch=='\r') flag=0; else { if(flag==0) { flag=1; num++; } } } } printf("单词个数为:%d_用方式%d计算\n",num,choose); fclose(fp); return num; }

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原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/waaaaa/p/11882225.html