一对一:无级联关系

# 作者详情(author_detail)： id，info，address
create table author_detail(
    id int primary key auto_increment,
    info varchar(256),
    address varchar(256)
);

# 作者表id，name，sex，age，mobile, detail_id
create table author(
    id int primary key auto_increment,
    name varchar(64) not null,
    mobile char(11) unique not null,
    sex enum('男', '女') default '男',
    age int default 0,
    detail_id int unique not null,
    foreign key(detail_id) references author_detail(id)
);

# 必须先创建被关联表数据，有关联表外键关联的记录后，关联表才可以创建数据
mysql>: insert into author_detail(info,address) values('Tom_info','Tom_address');
mysql>: insert into author(name,mobile,detail_id) values('Tom','13344556677', 1);
mysql>: insert into author_detail(info,address) values('Bob_info','Bob_address');
mysql>: insert into author(name,mobile,detail_id) values('Bob','15666882233', 2);

# 修改关联表 author
mysql>: insert into author_detail(info,address) values('Tom_info_sup','Tom_address_sup');
mysql>: update author set detail_id=3 where detail_id=2; # 有未被其他数据关联的数据，就可以修改
# 删除关联表 author
mysql>: delete from author where detail_id=3;  # 直接删除

# 修改被关联表 author_detail
mysql>: update author_detail set id=10 where id=1;  # 无法修改
# 删除被关联表 author_detail
mysql>: delete from author_detail where id=1;  # 无法删除

# 没有级联关系下：
# 增加：先增加被关联表记录，再增加关联表记录
# 删除：先删除关联表记录，再删除被关联表记录
# 更新：关联与被关联表都无法完成 关联的外键和主键 数据更新 - (如果被关联表记录没有被绑定，可以修改)

一对一：有级联关系

mysql>: drop table author;
mysql>: drop table author_detail;


# 作者详情(author_detail)： id，info，address
create table author_detail(
    id int primary key auto_increment,
    info varchar(256),
    address varchar(256)
);

# 作者表id，name，sex，age，mobile, detail_id
create table author(
    id int primary key auto_increment,
    name varchar(64) not null,
    mobile char(11) unique not null,
    sex enum('男', '女') default '男',
    age int default 0,
    detail_id int unique not null,
    foreign key(detail_id) references author_detail(id)
    on update cascade 
    on delete cascade
);



# 必须先创建被关联表数据，有关联表外键关联的记录后，关联表才可以创建数据
mysql>: insert into author(name,mobile,detail_id) values('Tom','13344556677', 1);  # 错误
mysql>: insert into author_detail(info,address) values('Tom_info','Tom_address');
mysql>: insert into author(name,mobile,detail_id) values('Tom','13344556677', 1);
mysql>: insert into author_detail(info,address) values('Bob_info','Bob_address');
mysql>: insert into author(name,mobile,detail_id) values('Bob','15666882233', 2);

# 修改关联表 author
mysql>: update author set detail_id=3 where detail_id=2;  # 失败，3详情不存在
mysql>: update author set detail_id=1 where detail_id=2;  # 失败，1详情已被关联
mysql>: insert into author_detail(info,address) values('Tom_info_sup','Tom_address_sup');
mysql>: update author set detail_id=3 where detail_id=2; # 有未被其他数据关联的数据，就可以修改
# 删除关联表 author
mysql>: delete from author where detail_id=3;  # 直接删除

# 修改被关联表 author_detail
mysql>: update author_detail set id=10 where id=1;  # 级联修改，同步关系关联表外键

# 删除被关联表 author_detail
mysql>: delete from author where detail_id=10;  # 可以删除对被关联表无影响
mysql>: insert into author(name,mobile,detail_id) values('Tom','13344556677', 10);
mysql>: delete from author_detail where id=10;  # 可以删除，将关联表的记录级联删除掉

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/aden668/p/11579590.html